4.5 Article

DHA status influences effects of B-vitamin supplementation on cognitive ageing: a post-hoc analysis of the B-proof trial

期刊

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
卷 61, 期 7, 页码 3731-3739

出版社

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02924-w

关键词

B-vitamins; Omega-3 fatty acids; Cognition; Older adults; Elderly; Healthy ageing

资金

  1. Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Hague [6130.0031]
  2. NZO (Dutch Dairy Association), Zoetermeer
  3. MCO Health, Almere
  4. NCHA (Netherlands Consortium Healthy Ageing) Leiden/Rotterdam
  5. Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation, the Hague [KB-15-004-003]
  6. Wageningen University, Wageningen
  7. VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam
  8. Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The study found that the efficacy of B-vitamin supplementation in slowing cognitive decline is related to DHA status, with individuals with higher plasma DHA levels benefiting more. There was no significant link between B-vitamin treatment and combined omega-3 fatty acid or EPA levels.
Purpose Trials aiming to lower homocysteine by B-vitamin supplementation have reported mixed results on slowing cognitive decline. We investigated if efficacy of B-vitamin supplementation is affected by baseline plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels. Methods This post-hoc analysis of the B-proof trial included 191 adults aged 65 years or older with baseline plasma total homocysteine >= 12 mu mol/L, randomly assigned to 400 mu g folic acid and 500 mu g vitamin B12 or placebo daily for 2 years. Global and domain-specific cognitive functioning were assessed at baseline and after 2 years. The effect of B-vitamin supplementation was analyzed according to tertiles of baseline plasma omega-3 fatty acids concentrations combined, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) individually using multiple linear regression analyses. Results The mean +/- SD age of the participants was 71.6 +/- 5.9 years and median [IQR] Mini-Mental State Examination was 29 [28-30]. The treatment effect of B-vitamins on global cognition was larger in participants in the high compared to the middle DHA tertile (difference in z-score, mean +/- SE 0.22 +/- 0.10, p = 0.03). There was no significant interaction between B-vitamin supplementation and combined omega-3 fatty acid (p = 0.49) and EPA (p = 0.99) tertiles. Similarly, the efficacy of B-vitamin treatment on domain-specific cognitive functioning did not link to omega-3 fatty acid, DHA, or EPA plasma levels. Conclusion This post-hoc analysis indicated that efficacy of B-vitamin supplementation in slowing cognitive decline relates to DHA status, with individuals with higher plasma DHA levels benefitting more from vitamin B12 and folic acid use. The results support earlier observations that positive effects of B-vitamins in cognitive ageing may be subgroup-specific.

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