4.5 Article

Charcoal Production in Portugal: Operating Conditions and Performance of a Traditional Brick Kiln

期刊

ENERGIES
卷 15, 期 13, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en15134775

关键词

biomass; wood; gas; charcoal; pyrolysis; carbonization; kiln

资金

  1. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)/Ministry for Science, Technology and Higher Education (MCTES), Portugal [PCIF/GVB/0179/2017, UIDP/50017/2020 + UIDB/50017/2020 + LA/P/0094/2020]
  2. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PCIF/GVB/0179/2017] Funding Source: FCT

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This study characterized the wood carbonization process in a traditional brick kiln in the Portuguese region of Alentejo. The results showed that the kiln operates at low temperatures, leading to poor charcoal quality and low charcoal yield. Improvements in the carbonization process are needed to enhance efficiency, charcoal quality, and environmental acceptance.
Charcoal is produced in large quantities in the Portuguese region of Alentejo mainly using traditional brick kilns. Information about this type of carbonization technology is scarce, which makes it urgent to characterize the process as a starting point for performance improvements. In this context, this study aims to characterize the operation of a cylindrical brick kiln (approximate to 80 m(3)) during regular wood carbonization cycles. Relevant process parameters were monitored along with the yields and/or composition of the main products (carbonization gas, charcoal, and charcoal fines) to evaluate the mass balance of the process. The results show that the bulk of the kiln operates at temperatures below 300 degrees C, which greatly limits the quality of the charcoal. For instance, the fixed carbon content of charcoal can easily be as low as 60 wt.%. The yield of charcoal is also low, with values below 25 wt.% of dry wood feed. This means that significant quantities of by-products are generated in the process with little or no commercial value. Modifications in the carbonization process are needed to improve efficiency, charcoal quality, and environmental acceptance to sustain this activity in regions where it still represents vital income related to wood-waste management.

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