期刊
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
卷 241, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113779
关键词
PAHs; VPA; Macrophages; Vasculature
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [82173460]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2020MH330]
- Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong [2019GSF108083]
- Cheeloo Young Scholar Project [21320082163154]
- Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST [2021QNRC001]
This study investigated the mechanism of how valproic acid (VPA) interferes with the carcinogenesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and protects normal tissues. The results showed that VPA induces M1 polarization of macrophages in tumor tissues, leading to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the apoptosis of tumor cells. Surprisingly, VPA selectively induces M2 polarization of macrophages in normal tissues, promoting cell proliferation.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common persistent organic pollutants that are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic, causing a variety of harm to human health. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of how valproic acid (VPA) interferes with the carcinogenesis of PAHs protect normal tissues via the regulation of macrophages' function. Using the established model of transformed malignant breast cancer by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a representative PAH carcinogen, we discovered VPA induces the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype in the tumor tissues, facilitates the expression of pro -inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma, IL-12 and TNF-alpha, activates CD8+ T cells to secret Granzyme B thus to promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and suppresses the viability of vascular endothelial cells in tissue stroma of tumor. Surprisingly, VPA selectively induces macrophages to polarize towards the M2 phenotype in normal tissues and promotes the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 to enhance cell proliferation. Additionally, at the cellular level, VPA can directly regulate the polarization of macrophages to affect the growth of vascular endothelial cells by simulating the living conditions of tumor and normal cells. Collectively, VPA exerts an interventional effect on tumor growth and a protective effect on normal tissues by regulation of se-lective macrophages' polarization in their microenvironment.
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