Metabolomics of airways disease in cystic fibrosis

While discovery metabolomic studies have identified many potential biomarkers of cystic fibrosis (CF) airways disease, relatively few have been validated. We review the recent literature to identify the most promising metabolomic findings as those repeatedly observed over multiple studies. Reproducible metabolomic findings include increased airway amino acids and small peptides in CF airways, as well as changes in phospholipids and sphingolipids. Other commonly altered pathways include adenosine metabolism, polyamine synthesis, and oxidative stress. These pathways represent potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, though findings require reevaluation in the era of highly effective modulator therapies. Analysis of airway biomarkers in exhaled breath holds promise for non-invasive detection, though technical challenges will need to be overcome.

Automated summary

This article reviews recent literature to identify the most promising metabolomic findings of cystic fibrosis airways disease. Reproducible findings include increased levels of amino acids and small peptides, as well as changes in phospholipids and sphingolipids. Other commonly altered pathways include adenosine metabolism, polyamine synthesis, and oxidative stress. These findings have the potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, but require reevaluation in the era of highly effective modulator therapies.