Nanoarmoured a-amylase: A route leading to exceptional stability, catalysis and reusability for industrial applications

Enzymes are tremendous bio-product for nature whose absence can make a remarkable difference in the 21st century. Amylases have attracted a lot of industries due to their several applications. alpha-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1, endo-1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolases) is a crucial enzyme for various industries. It selectively hydrolyzes the alpha-1-4 glucosidic bonds of alpha-polysaccharides to generate glucose, maltose and short-chain oligosaccharides. The only limitation associated with the applicability of enzymes is their non-reusability and instability in extreme conditions. Immobilization is a technique to offer easier recovery and several additional benefits to the enzyme by using appropriate support or carrier. Nanotechnology is the rapidly growing area of research dealing with the various biological disciplines at the molecular level. A duet of nanotechnology and immobilization can generate robust nanobiocatalyst explicating potential benefits. The most exciting properties of NMs is their high surface to volume ratio, easier fabrication and good dispersibility attracting the scientific community to utilize them for producing sturdy nanobiocatalysts. The present review evaluates the recent research and development undergoing in the field of nanoarmoured alpha-amylase. It deals with the various NMs like metallic nanoparticles, nanostructured metal oxide, nanofibers, nanotube and graphene-based nanocomposites used as excellent support for alpha-amylase immobilization along with its bottlenecks. Our study potentially delivers the measures for immobilizing alpha-amylase on a nanosupport without compromising with its catalytic performance. There are prospective strategies highlighted in the review dealing with the obstacles hampering the alpha-amylase immobilization procedure with several illustrations for easier understanding. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This review focuses on recent research and development in the field of nanoarmoured alpha-amylase. Immobilization of alpha-amylase on nanomaterials offers the potential for improved reusability and stability. Nanomaterials, with their high surface to volume ratio and easy fabrication, provide excellent support for alpha-amylase immobilization, leading to the production of robust nanobiocatalysts.