Early Treatment of High-Risk Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients With a Combination of Interferon Beta-1b and Remdesivir: A Phase 2 Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Early Remdesivir to Prevent Progression to Severe Covid-19 in Outpatients

R. L. Gottlieb et al.

Summary: In symptomatic, nonhospitalized high-risk Covid-19 patients, a 3-day course of remdesivir significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization or death compared to placebo, with acceptable safety profile.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Psychiatry

Charlson Comorbidity Index: A Critical Review of Clinimetric Properties

Mary E. Charlson et al.

Summary: The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a reliable assessment tool that predicts long-term mortality. It demonstrates excellent inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity, and is clinically sensitive and incrementally valid in various medical conditions.

PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

A phase 2a clinical trial of molnupiravir in patients with COVID-19 shows accelerated SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance and elimination of infectious virus

William A. Fischer et al.

Summary: In a clinical trial, the safety, tolerability, and antiviral efficacy of molnupiravir were evaluated in unvaccinated individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that participants receiving high-dose molnupiravir had a shorter time to viral RNA clearance and a lower detection rate of infectious virus. Molnupiravir was well tolerated across all doses.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Emergency Medicine

Prognostic value of National Early Warning Scores (NEWS2) and component physiology in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a multicentre study

Lauren J. Scott et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NEWS2 score and outcomes in COVID-19 inpatients. The study found that higher NEWS2 scores were associated with increased mortality, ICU admission, and longer length of stay. While respiratory parameters were the most predictive, no individual parameter was as good as the full NEWS2. Therefore, it is recommended to use NEWS2 alongside clinical judgement when assessing COVID-19 patients.

EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Repurposed Antiviral Drugs for Covid-19-Interim WHO Solidarity Trial Results

Summary: The authors of the study reported the interim results of using four repurposed antiviral drugs (remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon beta-1a) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The study showed that these drug regimens had little or no effect on overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

REGN-COV2, a Neutralizing Antibody Cocktail, in Outpatients with Covid-19

D. M. Weinreich et al.

Summary: Recent data indicate that complications and death from Covid-19 may be related to high viral loads. In this trial involving nonhospitalized patients, a cocktail of two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (REGN-COV2) reduced viral load, with a greater effect in patients with no immune response or high viral load at baseline. Safety outcomes were similar between REGN-COV2 dose groups and the placebo group.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Baricitinib plus Remdesivir for Hospitalized Adults with Covid-19

A. C. Kalil et al.

Summary: Combination treatment with baricitinib plus remdesivir was superior to remdesivir alone in reducing recovery time and accelerating improvement in clinical status among patients with Covid-19, notably among those receiving high-flow oxygen or noninvasive ventilation. The combination was associated with fewer serious adverse events.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Unmet need for COVID-19 therapies in community settings

[Anonymous]

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Peginterferon lambda for the treatment of outpatients with COVID-19: a phase 2, placebo-controlled randomised trial

Jordan J. Feld et al.

Summary: The study investigated the safety and efficacy of peginterferon lambda in treating outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Results showed that patients treated with peginterferon lambda had a faster decline in viral RNA and were more likely to clear the virus by day 7 compared to the placebo group.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Safety and efficacy of inhaled nebulised interferon beta-1a (SNG001) for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Phillip D. Monk et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of using interferon beta-1a to treat COVID-19, with results showing that patients who received treatment had higher and faster recovery rates, providing potential evidence for further clinical trials.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, smoking and COVID-19-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Yahya Mahamat-Saleh et al.

Summary: This study found that diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and smoking were associated with higher COVID-19 mortality, contributing to nearly 30% of COVID-19 deaths.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Efficacy of interferon beta-1a plus remdesivir compared with remdesivir alone in hospitalised adults with COVID-19: a double-bind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Andre C. Kalil et al.

Summary: This study compared the efficacy of interferon beta-1a in combination with remdesivir versus remdesivir alone in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. The results showed no significant difference in time to recovery and mortality rate between the interferon beta-1a plus remdesivir group and the placebo plus remdesivir group, with patients requiring high-flow oxygen at baseline having poorer outcomes after interferon beta-1a treatment.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Neutralizing type-I interferon autoantibodies are associated with delayed viral clearance and intensive care unit admission in patients with COVID-19

Michael S. Abers et al.

Summary: This study compared clinical outcomes between patients with neutralizing type-I interferon autoantibodies (AAbs) and those without AAbs during hospitalization for COVID-19, revealing that patients with AAbs were more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit with delayed viral clearance, although their survival was not adversely affected.

IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs are present in ∼4% of uninfected individuals over 70 years old and account for ∼20% of COVID-19 deaths

Paul Bastard et al.

Summary: Autoantibodies neutralizing interferons are present in a significant percentage of critical COVID-19 patients, especially in older individuals, and their prevalence increases with age.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal