☆ 4.5 Review

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal attempts and death rates: a systematic review

BMC PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Suicide Risk and Prevention During the COVID-19 Pandemic: One Year On

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Summary: Data from high and upper-middle-income countries suggest that suicide rates did not increase during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact of the pandemic on suicide is complex. Governments and societies must take specific steps to mitigate harm and prevent suicides in the late stages and aftermath of the pandemic.

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Despair in the time of COVID: A look at suicidal ingestions reported to the California Poison Control System during the pandemic

Sam T. Ontiveros et al.

Summary: Despite concerns about the exacerbation of depression and suicide rates due to the global pandemic, calls regarding suicidal ingestions to the California Poison Control System actually decreased during the COVID era compared to the pre-COVID era. This study provides evidence that the pandemic's effects on modern society are difficult to predict, and further efforts are needed to understand how the pandemic will impact American's mental health.

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Changes in traumatic mechanisms of injury in Southern California related to COVID-19: Penetrating trauma as a second pandemic

Eric O. Yeates et al.

Summary: This multicenter study in Southern California revealed an increased rate of penetrating trauma and gunshot wounds following the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, while no significant differences were found in attempted suicide or domestic violence rates. These findings may inform resource allocation and intervention strategies during current or future pandemics.

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Article Pediatrics

Suicide Ideation and Attempts in a Pediatric Emergency Department Before and During COVID-19

Ryan M. Hill et al.

Summary: The study found a significant increase in suicide ideation and attempts in March to July 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, possibly related to increased stressors and community responses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PEDIATRICS (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Associations between periods of COVID-19 quarantine and mental health in Canada

Zachary Daly et al.

Summary: There is an association between quarantine experiences and mental health issues, particularly for those whose reasons for quarantine include factors such as unemployment and living alone. People who are quarantining specifically due to recent travel do not have higher odds of suicidal ideation or deliberate self-harm.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

State-Level Data on Suicide Mortality During COVID-19 Quarantine: Early Evidence of a Disproportionate Impact on Racial Minorities

Thomas O. Mitchell et al.

Summary: The impact of COVID-19 on suicide rates in Connecticut showed a decrease overall during lockdown, but a disproportionately higher proportion of suicide decedents were from racial minority groups, suggesting that the social and economic challenges of COVID-19 may have a differential impact on minority populations.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Trends in suicide in Japan by gender during the COVID-19 pandemic, up to September 2020

Shuhei Nomura et al.

Summary: The study found a significant increase in suicide deaths among women in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic, while there was no increase among men. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance suicide prevention efforts related to COVID-19, especially for women, by providing timely access to mental health care and social support.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Trends in suicide rates during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in a major German city

Daniel Radeloff et al.

Summary: The study from a major city in Germany found that the suicide rate during the COVID-19 pandemic was lower in periods with severe restrictions, but overall trend was similar to previous years. There is a need for careful monitoring of suicide rates during the COVID-19 crisis.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRIC SCIENCES (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Suicide Deaths During the COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Advisory in Massachusetts, March to May 2020

Jeremy Samuel Faust et al.

Summary: This cohort study examines the correlation between COVID-19 stay-at-home orders and suicide deaths in Massachusetts.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Preliminary investigation of the association between COVID-19 and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in the US

Brooke A. Ammerman et al.

Summary: Evidence suggests that the negative consequences of COVID-19 may have a significant impact on psychological well-being, including suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The study found an association between COVID-19-related experiences and past-month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, with some individuals potentially intentionally exposing themselves to the virus with intent to kill themselves.

JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH (2021)

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A longitudinal study of psychological distress in the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Joshua Breslau et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted psychological distress, with equal numbers of people experiencing serious psychological distress in 30-days during the pandemic as did over an entire year prior to the pandemic. Increases in psychological distress were associated with gender, age, household income, and census region.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Trends in US Emergency Department Visits for Mental Health, Overdose, and Violence Outcomes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kristin M. Holland et al.

Summary: The study examines changes in US emergency department visits for mental health conditions, suicide attempts, overdose, and violence outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show shifts in care seeking during the pandemic, highlighting the importance of integrating mental health, substance use, and violence screening and prevention services during public health crises.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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The effect of COVID-19 on the economy: Evidence from an early adopter of localized lockdowns

Kenzo Asahi et al.

Journal of Global Health (2021)

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Assessment of Suicide in Japan During the COVID-19 Pandemic vs Previous Years

Haruka Sakamoto et al.

Summary: The study found that suicide rates in Japan increased in October and November for men and in July through November for women in 2020 compared to previous years.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID-19: An overview of systematic evaluations

John P. A. Ioannidis

Summary: This study reviewed six systematic evaluations on the global spread and infection rate of COVID-19, finding a consensus on SARS-CoV-2 infection being widely spread globally with an average IFR of about 0.15% and an estimated 1.5-2.0 billion infections. The research highlights substantial differences in IFR and infection spread across continents, countries, and locations.

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Suicide attempt and intentional self-harm during the earlier phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Washtenaw County, Michigan

Rachel S. Bergmans et al.

Summary: The study found a significant decrease in emergency department encounters for suicide attempt and intentional self-harm during the first 7 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Initial findings suggest that the outbreak of COVID-19 and emergency executive orders did not lead to an increase in suicide-related behavior in the short-term. More research is needed to investigate the long-term impacts and high-risk groups related to suicide behavior during the pandemic.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2021)

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide and self-harm among patients presenting to the emergency department of a teaching hospital in Nepal

Roshana Shrestha et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in suicide and self-harm cases in the emergency department of Nepal, with organophosphate poisoning being the most common method. Women were predominant in all three periods, with delayed arrival time of patients, increased hospital admission, and in-hospital mortality rates.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on suicide attempts A retrospective analysis of the springtime admissions to the trauma resuscitation room at the Medical University of Vienna from 2015-2020

Greta L. Carlin et al.

Summary: The study analyzed data on suicide attempt patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing an increase in suicide attempts during the lockdown period, highlighting the need to strengthen crisis intervention and suicide prevention measures.

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Social distancing predicts suicide rates: Analysis of the 1918 flu pandemic in 43 large cities, research note

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QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Roger S. McIntyre et al.

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

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David Koh

OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD (2020)

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Betty Pfefferbaum et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

COVID-19: Review of a 21st Century Pandemic from Etiology to Neuro-psychiatric Implications

Vicky Yamamoto et al.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2020)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Suicidal behaviors and ideation during emerging viral disease outbreaks before the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic rapid review

Edouard Leaune et al.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Family Studies

Do suicide rates in children and adolescents change during school closure in Japan? The acute effect of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic on child and adolescent mental health

Aya Isumi et al.

CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT (2020)

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Lockdown, quarantine measures, and social distancing: Associations with depression, anxiety and distress at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults from Germany

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PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2020)

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RAMBAM MAIMONIDES MEDICAL JOURNAL (2020)

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LANCET PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION (2018)

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JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (2015)

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