期刊
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
卷 272, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109599
关键词
Anthropology; Archaeology; Biodiversity; Cultural evolution
This article reviews the impact of human activities on biodiversity through archaeological and ethnographic cases, which cover different ecologies, population densities, and economies. The author points out that while humans have always transformed ecosystems, many pre-industrial societies maintained diverse and stable environments. Present-day solutions should involve local communities, especially Indigenous and traditional societies, empowering them to shape policies and achieve conservation goals.
We review human effects on biodiversity using archaeological and ethnographic cases with contrasting ecologies, population densities, and economies. Relevant trends include increasing human populations, settlement sizes, and permanence; intensification of subsistence and political economies; world colonization; and changing environmental values. Although humans have always transformed ecosystems, many pre-industrial societies maintained diverse and stable environments that are now considered natural. Disastrous strategies have resulted from values associated with colonization, market economies, property systems, resource extraction and production technologies, and the isolation of decision-makers from environmental consequences. Present-day solutions should engage decision-making by local communities, especially Indigenous and traditional societies, empowering them to shape policies and achieve conservation goals.
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