4.7 Review

Targeted therapy for breast cancer: An overview of drug classes and outcomes

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Breast cancer management in 2021: A primer for the obstetrics and gynecology

Nicole M. Grogan Fleege et al.

Summary: Breast cancer is the most common and leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The risk factors for breast cancer development include patient characteristics, lifestyle habits, and genetic mutations. Treatment decisions for breast cancer are determined by its stage and phenotype, which can be identified through immunohistochemistry.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY (2022)

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A multidisciplinary approach to optimizing care of patients treated with alpelisib

Hope S. Rugo et al.

Summary: The oral PI3K alpha inhibitor alpelisib is approved for treating advanced breast cancer, with common adverse events including hyperglycemia, rash, and gastrointestinal issues. Effective strategies such as lifestyle changes, antihistamine prophylaxis, and glycemic control are important in reducing and managing these adverse events.

BREAST (2022)

Article Oncology

Neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer

Nadia Harbeck

Summary: The availability of HER2-targeted therapy has greatly improved patient outcomes in HER2-positive early breast cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy has become standard of care for stage II or III tumors, and the status of pathological complete response (pCR) after surgery can be used to tailor adjuvant systemic therapy. For non-pCR patients, 14 cycles of adjuvant T-DM1 have become a new standard, while low-risk patients can benefit from 12 weeks of adjuvant paclitaxel + trastuzumab.

BREAST (2022)

Article Oncology

FDA Approval Summary: Margetuximab plus Chemotherapy for Advanced or Metastatic HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Melanie Royce et al.

Summary: Margetuximab-cmkb in combination with chemotherapy was granted regular FDA approval for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who have received two or more prior anti-HER2 regimens. The SOPHIA study demonstrated that margetuximab had a longer median progression-free survival compared to trastuzumab when both were combined with chemotherapy. Infusion-related reactions were reported as important safety signals associated with margetuximab plus chemotherapy.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

Article Oncology

Updated Overall Survival of Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy versus Endocrine Therapy Alone in Pre- and Perimenopausal Patients with HR+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer in MONALEESA-7: A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial

Yen-Shen Lu et al.

Summary: Ribociclib plus endocrine therapy has been shown to significantly improve the progression-free survival and overall survival of pre-/perimenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

Article Oncology

Trastuzumab Emtansine Plus Pertuzumab Versus Taxane Plus Trastuzumab Plus Pertuzumab After Anthracycline for High-Risk Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Early Breast Cancer: The Phase III KAITLIN Study

Ian E. Krop et al.

Summary: The purpose of this study was to improve the treatment of high-risk HER2-positive early breast cancer by replacing taxanes and trastuzumab with T-DM1. The study found that there was no significant difference in disease-free survival between the two treatment arms, but the T-DM1 group had a lower treatment completion rate.

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Event-free Survival with Pembrolizumab in Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

P. Schmid et al.

Summary: The addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab after surgery significantly prolonged event-free survival in patients with early triple-negative breast cancer.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Alpelisib-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: Case Report, Pharmacodynamics and Management Considerations

Begona Pla Peris et al.

Summary: This article describes a case of severe hyperglycemia associated with alpelisib treatment in a patient with metastatic breast cancer. The study found that alpelisib had a significant impact on glycemic control, requiring intensive insulin therapy.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

Review Oncology

Role of Fcγ receptors in HER2-targeted breast cancer therapy

Antonino Musolino et al.

Summary: Fc gamma R-mediated activities play a crucial role in the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer, but variations in Fc-gammaR can lead to differential therapeutic outcomes.

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Review Oncology

Clinical Review on the Management of Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer

Nicholas P. McAndrew et al.

Summary: The natural history of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer is more favorable than other subtypes. Traditional endocrine therapy and molecularly targeted agents have improved outcomes. Treatment plans should take multiple factors into account.

JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE (2022)

Review Oncology

Interstitial lung disease in patients treated with Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Yi Zhang et al.

Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors increase the risk of ILD/pneumonitis in cancer patients. Awareness of these rare adverse events should be enhanced.

BREAST (2022)

Review Oncology

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant breast cancer treatments: A systematic review of their effects on mortality

Amanda J. Kerr et al.

Summary: Adjuvant and neoadjuvant breast cancer treatments can decrease breast cancer mortality but may increase mortality from other causes. The benefits and risks of different treatment options have been evaluated using high-quality evidence to guide individual treatment decisions.

CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Trastuzumab Deruxtecan versus Trastuzumab Emtansine for Breast Cancer

J. Cortes et al.

Summary: Among patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with trastuzumab and a taxane, trastuzumab deruxtecan was associated with a lower risk of disease progression or death compared to trastuzumab emtansine. However, treatment with trastuzumab deruxtecan was associated with interstitial lung disease and pneumonitis.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

Article Oncology

Thromboembolic Events in Patients with HER2-Negative, Hormone Receptor-Positive, Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated with Ribociclib Combined with Letrozole or Fulvestrant: A Real-World Data

Hikmat Abdel-Razeq et al.

Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer to modulate endocrine resistance. However, there have been conflicting data regarding the higher rates of arterial and venous thrombosis in patients treated with these inhibitors. This study examines the occurrence of thromboembolic events in breast cancer patients treated with ribociclib in real-world settings.

CANCER MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH (2022)

Review Cell Biology

Impact of Glucocorticoid Use in Oncology in the Immunotherapy Era

Laura Kalfeist et al.

Summary: Glucocorticoids are widely prescribed drugs in cancer patients due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-oedema, and anti-allergy properties. They are used in various clinical situations in oncology, including managing cancer-related symptoms and preventing or treating side effects or immune-related adverse events of anti-cancer therapies. Moreover, glucocorticoids have been found to affect immune response and tumor efficacy.
Article Oncology

Antibiotic treatment targeting gram negative bacteria prevents neratinib- induced diarrhea in rats

Kate R. Secombe et al.

Summary: This study found that narrow-spectrum antibiotics can reduce neratinib-induced diarrhea, suggesting that the microbiome plays a key role in the development of diarrhea following neratinib treatment.

NEOPLASIA (2022)

Article Oncology

Final Efficacy Results of Neratinib in HER2-positive Hormone Receptor-positive Early-stage Breast Cancer From the Phase III ExteNET Trial

Arlene Chan et al.

Summary: In early-stage breast cancer patients, neratinib provides a 5.1% increase in invasive disease-free survival and a 2.1% increase in overall survival at 8 years compared to placebo. For patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy, the absolute benefits of neratinib are 7.4% and 9.1%, respectively.

CLINICAL BREAST CANCER (2021)

Article Oncology

FDA Approval Summary: Tucatinib for the Treatment of Patients with Advanced or Metastatic HER2-positive Breast Cancer

Mirat Shah et al.

Summary: Tucatinib in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine was approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, with demonstrated efficacy in patients with brain metastases. The approval was based on data from the HER2CLIMB trial showing significant benefit in progression-free survival and overall survival.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Current and Future Management of HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer

Olga Martinez-Saez et al.

Summary: HER2 is overexpressed in 20% of breast cancers, providing both aggressive tumor behavior and targeted therapy opportunities. New anti-HER2 drugs have greatly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced disease. Emerging therapies and biomarkers are constantly evolving the treatment landscape for HER2-positive breast cancer.

JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE (2021)

Article Oncology

Phase III, Randomized Study of Dual Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Blockade With Lapatinib Plus Trastuzumab in Combination With an Aromatase Inhibitor in Postmenopausal Women With HER2-Positive, Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Updated Results of ALTERNATIVE

Stephen R. D. Johnston et al.

Summary: Dual HER2 blockade with LAP plus TRAS plus AI showed superior progression-free survival (PFS) benefit versus TRAS plus AI in patients with HER2-positive/HR-positive MBC. This combination offers an effective and safe chemotherapy-sparing alternative treatment regimen for this patient population. Common adverse events were mostly grade 1 or 2 and serious adverse events were reported similarly across the three groups.

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Article Oncology

Selection of Optimal Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Early Breast Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update

Neelima Denduluri et al.

Summary: The study recommends offering 14 cycles of adjuvant T-DM1 to patients with HER2-positive breast cancer with pathologic invasive residual disease after standard preoperative chemotherapy and HER2-targeted therapy, based on the results of the KATHERINE trial.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Haematologic toxicities with PARP inhibitors in cancer patients: an up-to-date meta-analysis of 29 randomized controlled trials

Chengyuan Wang et al.

Summary: The use of PARP inhibitors in cancer patients is associated with a significantly increased risk of haematologic toxicities, particularly anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Combination therapy may reduce the risk of these toxicities compared to monotherapy with PARP inhibitors.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTICS (2021)

Article Oncology

Efficacy of Margetuximab vs Trastuzumab in Patients With Pretreated ERBB2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial

Hope S. Rugo et al.

Summary: The study compared the clinical efficacy of margetuximab vs trastuzumab in patients with pretreated ERBB2-positive advanced breast cancer, showing that margetuximab had a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival compared to trastuzumab.

JAMA ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Cardiotoxicity of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1): a single-center experience

Aynur Acibuca et al.

Summary: New anti-cancer drug T-DM1 shows minimal cardiotoxicity in clinical trials, but real-life data with a larger sample size are needed to confirm its cardiac safety.

JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH (2021)

Article Oncology

Phase III randomized study of taselisib or placebo with fulvestrant in estrogen receptor-positive, PIK3CA-mutant, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer: the SANDPIPER trial

S. Dent et al.

Summary: The SANDPIPER study demonstrated that Taselisib plus fulvestrant significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer. However, due to safety concerns and modest clinical benefit, the combination therapy does not have clinical utility.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A New Kid on the Block: Sacituzumab Govitecan for the Treatment of Breast Cancer and Other Solid Tumors

Giuliana Pavone et al.

Summary: Trop-2 is a membrane glycoprotein that is frequently overexpressed in epithelial tumors, making it an attractive target for anticancer therapies. SG, a third-generation antibody-drug conjugate, has shown promising results in heavily pretreated advanced triple-negative breast cancer and urothelial carcinomas, with potential biomarkers for response being investigated.

MOLECULES (2021)

Article Oncology

Adjuvant Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab in Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer in the APHINITY Trial: 6 Years' Follow-Up

Martine Piccart et al.

Summary: The PURPOSEAPHINITY study demonstrates that adding pertuzumab to adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab and chemotherapy significantly improves invasive disease-free survival for early HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Longer follow-up is needed for a comprehensive assessment of overall survival benefits.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Hematology

Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia in patients treated with PARP inhibitors: a safety meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and a retrospective study of the WHO pharmacovigilance database

Pierre-Marie Morice et al.

Summary: The study found that PARP inhibitors increase the risk of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia compared to placebo treatment. These delayed and often lethal adverse events should be further studied to improve clinical understanding, particularly in the front-line maintenance setting.

LANCET HAEMATOLOGY (2021)

Review Oncology

Fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer: A multidisciplinary approach

Barbara DuMond et al.

Summary: PH FDC SC, a novel fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection, has been shown to be non-inferior to IV administration in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer, with shorter administration time. Patients and busy clinics may benefit from the time-saving potential of this product.

JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY PHARMACY PRACTICE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Predictors for development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia in breast cancer patients as determined by ordered logistic regression analysis

Yuko Kanbayashi et al.

Summary: This retrospective study identified no concomitant use of statins and high body mass index as significant predictors for the development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

Article Oncology

Adjuvant T-DM1 versus trastuzumab in patients with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer: subgroup analyses from KATHERINE

E. P. Mamounas et al.

Summary: T-DM1 shows good safety and efficacy in patients with HER2-positive EBC, benefiting different subgroups without increasing the risk of central nervous system recurrence.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Oncology

Alpelisib plus fulvestrant in PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer after a CDK4/6 inhibitor (BYLieve): one cohort of a phase 2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative study

Hope S. Rugo et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, PIK3CA-mutated advanced breast cancer who progressed on treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors plus aromatase inhibitors, the combination therapy of Alpelisib and Fulvestrant showed activity with manageable toxicity.

LANCET ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Sacituzumab Govitecan in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

A. Bardia et al.

Summary: Patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer treated with Sacituzumab govitecan had significantly longer progression-free and overall survival compared to standard chemotherapy, but experienced more frequent myelosuppression and diarrhea as adverse events.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Article Oncology

Evaluation of the Association of Polymorphisms With Palbociclib-Induced Neutropenia: Pharmacogenetic Analysis of PALOMA-2/-3

Hiroji Iwata et al.

Summary: The most common treatment-related adverse event in clinical trials with the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib is neutropenia. Low baseline absolute neutrophil count was identified as a strong independent risk factor for grade 3/4 neutropenia, and genetic variants in ABCB1 and ERCC1 may play a role in its occurrence. Pharmacogenetic testing could inform clinicians about the likelihood of severe neutropenia with palbociclib.

ONCOLOGIST (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The oncogene AAMDC links PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling with metabolic reprograming in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer

Emily Golden et al.

Summary: AAMDC, a frequently amplified gene in ER+ breast cancer, regulates metabolic enzymes, controls PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling, and shows sensitivity to combination therapy with anti-estrogens, potentially serving as a target for selective blockers in malignancies.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

AKT Inhibitors: New Weapons in the Fight Against Breast Cancer?

Federica Martorana et al.

Summary: The AKT protein kinase is crucial in breast cancer treatment, especially in resistant subtypes. Several AKT inhibitors are in clinical trials, with new combination strategies being explored to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

Article Oncology

T-DM1 versus pertuzumab, trastuzumab and a taxane as first-line therapy of early-relapsed HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: an Italian multicenter observational study

F. Schettini et al.

Summary: The study suggests that P+ T+ taxane is superior to T-DM1 as initial treatment for early-relapsing HER2+ metastatic breast cancer, showing better progression-free survival and overall survival.

ESMO OPEN (2021)

Article Oncology

Ribociclib plus fulvestrant for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer in the phase III randomized MONALEESA-3 trial: updated overall survival

D. J. Slamon et al.

Summary: In patients with HR+/HER2- ABC, the combination of ribociclib and fulvestrant prolonged median overall survival by approximately 12 months compared to fulvestrant monotherapy.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Oncology

Primary results from IMpassion131, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised phase III trial of first-line paclitaxel with or without atezolizumab for unresectable locally advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer

D. Miles et al.

Summary: Combining atezolizumab with paclitaxel did not improve PFS or OS in PD-L1-positive aTNBC patients, although it showed some advantage in unconfirmed best overall response rate and duration of response.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Adjuvant Olaparib for Patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-Mutated Breast Cancer

Andrew N. J. Tutt et al.

Summary: In patients with high-risk, HER2-negative early breast cancer and germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, adjuvant olaparib after completion of local treatment and neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significantly longer survival free of invasive or distant disease than placebo. Olaparib had limited effects on global patient-reported quality of life.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Review Oncology

Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Clinical Practice A Review

Tal Sella et al.

Summary: NET is an optimal treatment modality for postmenopausal women with HR-positive breast cancer. The landscape of treatment for HR-positive breast cancer is evolving, with the growing use of novel agents and gene expression profiling for treatment selection. It is likely that the use of NET will increase, making the outlined practical considerations more important.

JAMA ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Does sacituzumab-govitecan act as a conventional antibody drug conjugate (ADC), a prodrug of SN-38 or both?

Daniel V. Santi et al.

ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Abemaciclib as initial therapy for advanced breast cancer: MONARCH 3 updated results in prognostic subgroups

Stephen Johnston et al.

Summary: The combination of abemaciclib with an aromatase inhibitor showed significant clinical benefit in postmenopausal women with HR+, HER2- advanced breast cancer in the MONARCH 3 trial, leading to prolonged progression-free survival across all prognostic subgroups.

NPJ BREAST CANCER (2021)

Article Oncology

Treating Alpelisib-Induced Hyperglycemia with Very Low Carbohydrate Diets and Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors: A Case Series

Tahj Blow et al.

Summary: Alpelisib, a PI3K inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of HR+, HER2-, PIK3CA-mutated ABC. Hyperglycemia is a common adverse effect with no clear management guidelines. This case series demonstrates the potential of SGLT2i and very low carbohydrate diets in minimizing hyperglycemia induced by Alpelisib therapy.

INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES (2021)

Article Oncology

FDA Approval Summary: Accelerated Approval of Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy for Third-line Treatment of Metastatic Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Sakar Wahby et al.

Summary: FDA granted accelerated approval to Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Data showed an objective response rate of 33.3% and a median duration of response of 7.7 months, supporting the approval.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Comparative effectiveness of first-line palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole alone for HR+/HER2-metastatic breast cancer in US real-world clinical practice

Angela DeMichele et al.

Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of first-line palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole alone on survival outcomes in patients with HR+/HER2- MBC in routine clinical practice in the USA. Results showed that palbociclib combination treatment was associated with significantly longer median progression-free survival and overall survival compared to letrozole alone in the real-world population.

BREAST CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Venous thromboembolism in breast cancer patients receiving cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors

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NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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The characterization, management, and future considerations for ErbB-family TKI-associated diarrhea

Hope S. Rugo et al.

BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT (2019)

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Cardiotoxicity of HER2-targeted therapies

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Alpelisib for PIK3CA-Mutated, Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer

Fabrice Andre et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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Overall Survival with Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer

S. -A. Im et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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Olaparib-Induced Severe Folate Deficiency in a Patient With Advanced Ovarian Cancer

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BREAST (2019)

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Can CDK4/6 inhibitors cause fatal lung injury?

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Trastuzumab Emtansine for Residual Invasive HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

G. von Minckwitz et al.

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When and how to treat women with HER2-positive, small (pT1a-b), node-negative breast cancer?

Stefania Gori et al.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY (2018)

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Overall Survival with Palbociclib and Fulvestrant in Advanced Breast Cancer

N. C. Turner et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2018)

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Atezolizumab and Nab-Paclitaxel in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

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Structural Basis for Potency and Promiscuity in Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) and Tankyrase Inhibitors

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Risks of Breast, Ovarian, and Contralateral Breast Cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers

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MONARCH 3: Abemaciclib As Initial Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer

Matthew P. Goetz et al.

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Olaparib for Metastatic Breast Cancer in Patients with a Germline BRCA Mutation

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Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) renders HER2+ breast cancer highly susceptible to CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade

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Antibody Conjugates of 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) for Targeted Cancer Chemotherapy

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JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2008)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High sensitivity of BRCA1-deficient mammary tumors to the PARP inhibitor AZD2281 alone and in combination with platinum drugs

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2008)

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Lapatinib plus capecitabine for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer

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Semisynthetic maytansine analogues for the targeted treatment of cancer

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JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2006)

Article Oncology

ErbB receptor signaling and therapeutic resistance to aromatase inhibitors

I Shin et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2006)

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Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer

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NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2005)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling to Akt promotes keratinocyte differentiation versus death

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2005)

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Targeting the DNA repair defect in BRCA mutant cells as a therapeutic strategy

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NATURE (2005)

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Discovery of a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6

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JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2005)

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Rational combinations of trastuzumab with chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer

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JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (2004)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Genome maintenance mechanisms for preventing cancer

JHJ Hoeijmakers

NATURE (2001)

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Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2.

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NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2001)