期刊
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
卷 53, 期 13, 页码 4832-4846出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/are.15977
关键词
Arthrospira platensis; gene expression; Nile tilapia; vitamin C; vitamin E; beta-carotene
类别
This study compared the effects of dietary Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and beta-carotene extracted from Arthrospira platensis on Nile tilapia. The results showed that the addition of beta-carotene in the diet had a superior impact on the growth, immune indices, and antioxidant activity of the Nile tilapia.
Microalgae are one of the most important sources of natural bioactive compounds, especially those revealing antioxidant activity such as beta-carotene. Thus, this study was to compare the effects of dietary Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) or Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) with beta-carotene extracted from Arthrospira platensis on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on growth, feed utilization, blood indices, antioxidant activity, non-specific immunological indices and related gene expression. Three hundred and sixty apparent healthy Nile tilapia (5.80 +/- 0.286g) were randomly distributed into four groups. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were performed. A control diet was compared against three experimental diets supplemented with Vitamin C (0.5 mg kg(-1) diet), Vitamin E (1 g kg(-1) diet) or beta-carotene (0.5 g kg(-1) diet) for 10 weeks. According to the results, there was no significant difference in feed intake (p>0.05) between experimental diets. Dietary Vitamins C and E and beta-carotene significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the weight gain, final body weight, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate and apparent protein utilization in all groups, whereas the best FCR (p = 0.017) and the highest weight gain (p = 0.007) were detected in the beta-carotene diet. Fish survival rates differed significantly (p < 0.05) amongst treatments, whilst fish fed a diet supplemented with beta-carotene recorded the highest survival rate. The supplemental diet with beta-carotene boosted the values of the biochemical and haematological parameters (p <0.05) compared with the control diet. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver (p = 0.0560; p = 0.0032; p = 0.0353 respectively) and tilapia muscles were higher in fish fed either beta-carotene or Vitamin E (p = 0.0579; p = 0.1494; p = 0.2145 respectively) than other groups. The highest values of SOD, CAT and immune globulin M-2 gene expression (p <0.05) were found in fish fed a diet enriched with beta-carotene. These results suggested that the dietary incorporation of beta-carotene had a superior impact on growth performance, haemato-biochemical and immune-oxidative stress biomarkers in addition to the associated gene expression of Oreochromis niloticus.
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