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Genistein lowers fertility with pronounced effect in males: Meta-analyses on pre-clinical studies

期刊

ANDROLOGIA
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/and.14511

关键词

genistein; isoflavonoids; phytoestrogens; reproductive toxicity; sperm count

资金

  1. Central Drug Research Institute
  2. Department of Health and Research, Human Resource Development (DHR-HRD)
  3. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India [31/004(1386)/2019EMR-I]
  4. Reproductive Health Research programme [MLP2026]

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This study conducted a quantitative meta-analysis on published animal studies to evaluate the effects of genistein exposure on male reproductive system and pregnancy progression. The results showed that genistein has detrimental effects on sperm count in males and on pregnancy progression, especially when exposed in utero.
Genistein, an isoflavonoid, is found in a plethora of plant-based foods, and has been approved for use in various therapies. A couple of studies in adult men observed a negative correlation between genistein exposure and reproductive parameters. To assess the effects of genistein exposure on reproduction and fertility the in males and females, we performed quantitative meta-analyses by pooling data from published studies on animals that assessed various reproductive parameters. Pooled analysis showed significant decreases in sperm count in males exposed to genistein during adulthood (Hedges's g = -2.51, p = 0.013) and in utero (Hedges's g = -0.861, p = 0.016) compared with controls. In males exposed to genistein in utero, serum testosterone levels decreased (Hedges's g = -6.301, p = 0.000) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (Hedges's g = 7.127, p = 0.000) and FSH (Hedges's g = 6.19, p = 0.000) levels increased in comparison with controls. In females, the number of corpora lutea (Hedges's g = -2.103, p = 0.019) and the litter size (Hedges's g = -1.773, p-value = 0.000) decreased; however, female reproductive hormones remained unaffected. These meta-analyses show that genistein has detrimental effects on male reproductive system and on the progression and sustenance of pregnancy, with more pronounced adverse impact in males, particularly when exposed in utero.

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