Bispecific T-cell engagers for treatment of multiple myeloma

Bispecific T cell engagers (TCE) derive from monoclonal antibodies and concomitantly engage a target on the surface of cancer cell and CD3 on the surface of T-cells. TCEs promote T cell activation and lysis of tumor cells. Most TCEs in development for multiple myeloma (MM) target the B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and differ among themselves in structure, pharmacokinetics, route and schedule of administration. CD3/BCMA TCEs produce response in similar to 60% of patients treated in phase 1 trials. TCEs are also in development targeting the G protein-coupled receptor, class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) and the Fc receptor homologue 5 (FcRH5). Main toxicities are cytokine release syndrome and cytopenias. Here we review the current development and future directions of TCEs in MM.

Automated summary

Bispecific T cell engagers (TCE) are a promising therapy for multiple myeloma, as they activate T cells and induce lysis of tumor cells by binding to specific proteins on their surfaces. Current development focuses on targeting different proteins and improving their structure and administration. TCEs have shown positive responses in phase 1 trials, with potential toxicities being cytokine release syndrome and cytopenias.