3.8 Review

Mercury isotopes in sedimentary rocks as a paleoenvironmental proxy

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Mercury isotope evidence for regional volcanism during the Frasnian-Famennian transition

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Mercury evidence for combustion of organic-rich sediments during the end-Triassic crisis

Jun Shen et al.

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Different controls on the Hg spikes linked the two pulses of the Late Ordovician mass extinction in South China

Zhen Qiu et al.

Summary: The Late Ordovician mass extinction is the second most severe biological crisis in Phanerozoic history. The cause of this event is still debated, but extensive volcanism and oceanic euxinia are believed to have played significant roles. Mercury geochemistry provides indirect evidence of intense volcanism, while the presence of euxinia suggests a lack of oxygen in the oceans. These environmental changes are likely responsible for the two pulses of the mass extinction event.

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Haifeng Fan et al.

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Jun Shen et al.

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Characteristics of Hg concentrations and isotopes in terrestrial and marine facies across the end-Permian mass extinction

Xiangdong Wang et al.

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Mercury Evidence of Intense Volcanism Preceded Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d

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Summary: Geochemical studies have revealed that oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) are often associated with Large Igneous Province (LIP) volcanism. However, the link between OAE 1d and volcanism had lacked robust evidence until now. By analyzing mercury (Hg) concentrations and isotopic records, researchers found a volcanic Hg anomaly just prior to OAE 1d, consistent with increased sea surface temperatures and atmospheric CO2 levels. This suggests that the eruption of the central portion of the Kerguelen LIP may have driven the onset of OAE 1d through global environmental perturbations.

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Martin Jiskra et al.

Summary: Mercury exposure through consumption of seafood is a significant pathway for human exposure. Earth system models suggest that mercury in marine ecosystems mainly comes from atmospheric wet and dry deposition of Hg(II), with a smaller contribution from gaseous Hg(0) uptake. Studies on marine Hg deposition and gas exchange are limited, but stable isotope measurements in Atlantic and Mediterranean seawater indicate a significant contribution of atmospheric Hg and gaseous elemental mercury uptake to ocean mercury levels.

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Mercury anomalies across the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary: Evidence for a causal link between continental erosion and biological evolution

Ze-Rui Ray Liu et al.

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Coronene, mercury, and biomarker data support a link between extinction magnitude and volcanic intensity in the Late Devonian

Kunio Kaiho et al.

Summary: Research reveals a close association between Late Devonian crises and volcanic activities, as indicated by the coincidental peaks of coronene and mercury concentrations during environmental and biological events. Additionally, in nearshore settings, mercury concentration is highly correlated with cadalene and dibenzofuran abundance, suggesting fluxes of soil erosion. The correlation between coronene index and extinction magnitude for the three events implies a connection between temperatures of sills and lavas during LIP emplacement, pressure of evolved volatiles, and global climatic effects.

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Felsic volcanism as a factor driving the end-Permian mass extinction

Hua Zhang et al.

Summary: Felsic volcanic activities made significant contributions to the end-Permian environmental changes, causing extreme copper and mercury enrichments and potentially leading to rapid cooling degrees before or synchronously with global warming. The new geochemical data suggest that the Siberian Traps large igneous province may not have been the sole trigger for the end-Permian mass extinction.

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Guangyou Zhu et al.

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Mercury contents and isotope ratios from diverse depositional environments across the Triassic-Jurassic Boundary: Towards a more robust mercury proxy for large igneous province magmatism

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