期刊
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
卷 126, 期 8, 页码 3130-3144出版社
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI83092
关键词
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资金
- Intramural Research Program of the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- NIH [P30 CA008748, P50 CA086438-13]
- US Department of Defense [PR101053, LC110202, BC132124]
- Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research
- Experimental Therapeutics Center
- Stand Up To Cancer - Cancer Research Institute Cancer Immunology Translational Cancer research grant [SU2C-AACR-DT1012]
- DallePezze Foundation
- Derfner Foundation
- American College of Surgeons resident research scholarship
- ETC Edythe Griffinger Fellowship Program
Following immune attack, solid tumors upregulate coinhibitory ligands that bind to inhibitory receptors on T cells. This adaptive resistance compromises the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies, which redirect T cells to solid tumors. Here, we investigated whether programmed death-1-mediated (PD-1-mediated) T cell exhaustion affects mesothelin-targeted CAR T cells and explored cell-intrinsic strategies to overcome inhibition of CAR T cells. Using an orthotopic mouse model of pleural mesothelioma, we determined that relatively high doses of both CD28- and 4-1BB-based second-generation CAR T cells achieved tumor eradication. CAR-mediated CD28 and 4-1BB costimulation resulted in similar levels of T cell persistence in animals treated with low T cell doses; however, PD-1 upregulation within the tumor microenvironment inhibited T cell function. At lower doses, 4-1BB CAR T cells retained their cytotoxic and cytokine secretion functions longer than CD28 CAR T cells. The prolonged function of 4-1BB CAR T cells correlated with improved survival. PD-1/PD-1 ligand [PD-L1] pathway interference, through PD-1 antibody checkpoint blockade, cell-intrinsic PD-1 shRNA blockade, or a PD-1 dominant negative receptor, restored the effector function of CD28 CAR T cells. These findings provide mechanistic insights into human CAR T cell exhaustion in solid tumors and suggest that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade may be an effective strategy for improving the potency of CAR T cell therapies.
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