High Convergent Validity Among the Five-Factor Model, PID-5-SF, and PiCD

In the last 10 years, 2 instruments (the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition [PID-5] and the Personality Inventory for International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision [PiCD]) have been developed to measure the dimensional approach to personality disorders (PDs). Several studies have analyzed the relationships between both instruments and the five-factor model, although the PiCD has received less attention than the PID-5, given its more recent publication. For instance, the PiCD has never been related to the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R). The aims of the present article were to explore the convergent validity of the NEO-PI-R, a short version of the PID-5 (PID-5-SF), and the PiCD, to compare these dimensional approaches as for their ability to predict categorical PDs measured through the screening questionnaire of the International Personality Disorder Examination and to explore the nature of 2 controversial pathological domains: Psychoticism (from the PID-5-SF) and Anankastia (from the PiCD). A total of 1,565 people from the Spanish general population completed the NEO-PI-R, PID-5-SF, and PiCD. A total of 758 also filled out the International Personality Disorder Examination. Results show a high convergent validity of the five-factor model, the PID-5-SF, and the PiCD. Especially relevant from a clinical perspective is the great convergence between the 2 measures of dimensional PDs. In light of the results, the personality correlates of Psychoticism are reconsidered, and the location of Anankastia as the opposite pole of Disinhibition instead of as a separate domain, suggested by previous authors, is supported. The advantages of a dimensional approach to PDs and the practical implications for their assessment are discussed.

Automated summary

This study explores the relationships between NEO-PI-R, PID-5-SF, and PiCD, as well as their predictive abilities for personality disorders. The results demonstrate high convergent validity between the five-factor model, PID-5-SF, and PiCD, with particular relevance in clinical settings.