期刊
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
卷 4, 期 4, 页码 2442-2458出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c01788
关键词
carbon nano-onion; carbon nanostructure; porous material; RAFT polymerization; supercapacitor
资金
- National Science Centre, Poland [2017/25/B/ST5/01414]
- US National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1801317]
- Robert A. Welch Foundation [AH-0033]
- European Regional Development Fund, Centre of Functional Nanomaterials, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland [POIG.02.01.00-06024/09]
- Operational Program Development of Eastern Poland, Centre of Synthesis and Analysis BioNanoTechno, University of Bialystok, Poland [POPW.01.03.00-20-034/09-00, POPW.01.03.00-20-004/11]
The organization of specific pores in carbonaceous networks is crucial for efficient electrocatalytic processes. In this study, porous materials with well-defined pores were synthesized using polymer-templated methods. The incorporation of carbon nanostructures improved the organization of the polymer chains. The physicochemical properties of these porous materials were evaluated for use as supercapacitors.
The organization of specific pores in carbonaceous three-dimensional networks is crucial for efficient electrocatalytic processes and electrochemical performance. Therefore, the synthesis of porous materials with ordered and well-defined pores is required in this field. The incorporation of carbon nanostructures into polymers can create material structures that are more ordered in comparison to those of the pristine polymers. In this study we applied polymer-templated methods of carbon material preparation, in which outer blocks of the star copolymers form the carbon skeleton, while the core part is pore-forming. Well-defined 6-star-(poly(methyl acrylate)-b-poly(4-acetoxystyrene)) dendrimers were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization. They were then transformed into poly(4-vinylphenol) derivatives (namely 6-star-(poly(methyl acrylate)-b-poly(4-vinylphenol)), subjected to polycondensation with formaldehyde, and pyrolyzed at 800 degrees C. Cross-linking of phenolic groups provides a polymer network that does not depolymerize by pyrolysis, unlike poly(methyl acrylate) chains. The selected star polymers were attached to carbon nano-onions (CNOs) to improve the organization of the polymer chains. Herein, the physicochemical properties of CNO-polymer hybrids, including the textural and the electrochemical properties, were compared with those of the pristine pyrolyzed polymers obtained under analogous experimental conditions. For these purposes, we used several experimental and theoretical methods, such as infrared, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical studies, including cyclic voltammetry. All of the porous materials were evaluated for use as supercapacitors.
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