期刊
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
卷 129, 期 11, 页码 2156-2169出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.174458
关键词
Adhesion; GPCR; GPR56; Heparin; Glycosaminoglycan; Shedding
类别
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST101-2320-B-182-029-MY3, MOST-104-2320-B-182-035-MY3, MOST103-2811-B-182-002]
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou [CMRPD1C0632-3, CMRPD1D0181-3, CMRPD1D0391-3]
GPR56 is an adhesion-class G-protein-coupled receptor responsible for bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP), a severe disorder of cortical formation. Additionally, GPR56 is involved in biological processes as diverse as hematopoietic stem cell generation and maintenance, myoblast fusion, muscle hypertrophy, immunoregulation and tumorigenesis. Collagen III and tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2) have been revealed as the matricellular ligands of GPR56 involved in BFPP and melanoma development, respectively. In this study, we identify heparin as a glycosaminoglycan interacting partner of GPR56. Analyses of truncated and mutant GPR56 proteins reveal two basic-residue-rich clusters, R(26)GHREDFRFC(35) and L(190)KHPQKASRRP(200), as the major heparin-interacting motifs that overlap partially with the collagen III- and TG2-binding sites. Interestingly, the GPR56-heparin interaction is modulated by collagen III but not TG2, even though both ligands are also heparin-binding proteins. Finally, we show that the interaction with heparin reduces GPR56 receptor shedding, and enhances cell adhesion and motility. These results provide novel insights into the interaction of GPR56 with its multiple endogenous ligands and have functional implications in diseases such as BFPP and cancer.
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