Is It Time for Ecotremology?

Our awareness of air-borne sounds in natural and urban habitats has led to the recent recognition of soundscape ecology and ecoacoustics as interdisciplinary fields of research that can help us better understand ecological processes and ecosystem dynamics. Because the vibroscape (i.e., the substrate-borne vibrations occurring in a given environment) is hidden to the human senses, we have largely overlooked its ecological significance. Substrate vibrations provide information crucial to the reproduction and survival of most animals, especially arthropods, which are essential to ecosystem functioning. Thus, vibroscape is an important component of the environment perceived by the majority of animals. Nowadays, when the environment is rapidly changing due to human activities, climate change, and invasive species, this hidden vibratory world is also likely to change without our notice, with potentially crucial effects on arthropod communities. Here, we introduce ecotremology, a discipline that mainly aims at studying substrate-borne vibrations for unraveling ecological processes and biological conservation. As biotremology follows the main research concepts of bioacoustics, ecotremology is consistent with the paradigms of ecoacoustics. We argue that information extracted from substrate vibrations present in the environment can be used to comprehensively assess and reliably predict ecosystem changes. We identify key research questions and discuss the technical challenges associated with ecotremology studies.

Automated summary

Our understanding of air-borne sounds in natural and urban habitats has led to the emergence of soundscape ecology and ecoacoustics as interdisciplinary fields of research. However, the ecological significance of substrate-borne vibrations, which are hidden to human senses, has been largely overlooked. These vibrations provide crucial information for the reproduction and survival of animals, particularly arthropods. Ecotremology is introduced as a discipline that aims to study substrate-borne vibrations for understanding ecological processes and biological conservation. It is argued that information from substrate vibrations can be used to assess and predict ecosystem changes.