期刊
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
卷 7, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ac6ca5
关键词
quantum metrology; quantum phase transitions; quantum critical phenomena; Kibble-Zurek mechanism; fully-connected models
资金
- Austrian Academy of Sciences (oAW)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P32299]
- European Union [899354]
- UK EPSRC [EP/S02994X/1]
- Newcastle University (Newcastle University Academic Track fellowship)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P32299] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
Phase transitions are vital tools for classical and quantum sensing applications. A comprehensive analysis of different protocols reveals the existence of universal precision scaling regimes, even for finite-time protocols and finite-size systems. These results have significant theoretical implications for quantum metrology.
Phase transitions represent a compelling tool for classical and quantum sensing applications. It has been demonstrated that quantum sensors can in principle saturate the Heisenberg scaling, the ultimate precision bound allowed by quantum mechanics, in the limit of large probe number and long measurement time. Due to the critical slowing down, the protocol duration time is of utmost relevance in critical quantum metrology. However, how the long-time limit is reached remains in general an open question. So far, only two dichotomic approaches have been considered, based on either static or dynamical properties of critical quantum systems. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the scaling of the quantum Fisher information for different families of protocols that create a continuous connection between static and dynamical approaches. In particular, we consider fully-connected models, a broad class of quantum critical systems of high experimental relevance. Our analysis unveils the existence of universal precision-scaling regimes. These regimes remain valid even for finite-time protocols and finite-size systems. We also frame these results in a general theoretical perspective, by deriving a precision bound for arbitrary time-dependent quadratic Hamiltonians.
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