期刊
PATHOGENS
卷 11, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050543
关键词
non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS); Indonesia; antimicrobial resistance; virulence factors; chicken
类别
资金
- Airlangga University [1149/UN3/2018]
- Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Diseases (J-GRID) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology in Japan [18fm0108004h0004]
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) [JP18fk0108019]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI [21K10423]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21K10423] Funding Source: KAKEN
This study confirms the increase in antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) in Indonesia. The NTS strains isolated from chicken meat showed high resistance to multiple antibiotics and had many virulence factors. Particularly, a serotype called S. Schwarzengrund was frequently detected as multi-antimicrobial resistant and had a high prevalence of virulence genes.
The increase in antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) has been confirmed in Indonesia by this study. We confirmed the virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical NTS (n = 50) isolated from chicken meat in Indonesia and also detected antimicrobial resistance genes. Of 50 strains, 30 (60%) were non-susceptible to nalidixic acid (NA) and all of them had amino acid mutations in gyrA. Among 27 tetracycline (TC) non-susceptible strains, 22 (81.5%) had tetA and/or tetB. The non-susceptibility rates to ampicillin, gentamicin or kanamycin were lower than that of NA or TC, but the prevalence of bla(TEM) or aadA was high. Non-susceptible strains showed a high prevalence of virulence genes compared with the susceptible strains (tcfA, p = 0.014; cdtB, p < 0.001; sfbA, p < 0.001; fimA, p = 0.002). S. Schwarzengrund was the most prevalent serotype (23 strains, 46%) and the most frequently detected as multi-antimicrobial resistant. The prevalence of virulence genes in S. Schwarzengrund was significantly higher than other serotypes in hlyE (p = 0.011) and phoP/Q (p = 0.011) in addition to the genes above. In conclusion, NTS strains isolated from Indonesian chicken had a high resistance to antibiotics and many virulence factors. In particular, S. Schwarzengrund strains were most frequently detected as multi-antimicrobial resistant and had a high prevalence of virulence genes.
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