Experimental characterization techniques for plasmon-assisted chemistry

Plasmon-assisted chemistry is the result of a complex interplay between electromagnetic near fields, heat and charge transfer on the nanoscale. The disentanglement of their roles is non-trivial. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the chemical, structural and spectral properties of the plasmonic/molecular system being used is required. Specific techniques are needed to fully characterize optical near fields, temperature and hot carriers with spatial, energetic and/or temporal resolution. The timescales for all relevant physical and chemical processes can range from a few femtoseconds to milliseconds, which necessitates the use of time-resolved techniques for monitoring the underlying dynamics. In this Review, we focus on experimental techniques to tackle these challenges. We further outline the difficulties when going from the ensemble level to single-particle measurements. Finally, a thorough understanding of plasmon-assisted chemistry also requires a substantial joint experimental and theoretical effort.

Automated summary

Plasmon-assisted chemistry involves complex interactions of electromagnetic fields, heat and charge, requiring a deep understanding of chemical, structural and spectral properties of the system. Specific techniques with spatial, energetic and temporal resolution are essential for characterizing optical near fields, temperature and hot carriers. A comprehensive understanding of plasmon-assisted chemistry necessitates a substantial experimental and theoretical effort to tackle challenges in monitoring physical and chemical processes.