期刊
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
卷 6, 期 5, 页码 644-652出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01689-z
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资金
- Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology
- Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry
- Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation
- former Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation
- Gunung Palung National Park
- Gunung Leuser National Park
- Leuser Ecosystem Management Authority for authorization
- Universitas National
- Center for International Cooperation in Sustainable Management of Tropical Peatland
- University of Palangkaraya
- Tanjungpura University
- US Fish and Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund
- ARCUS
- Borneo Nature Foundation
- European Union [702137]
- UK Research and Innovation's Future Leaders Fellowship [MR/T04229X/1]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [702137] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
The social setting determines language acquisition in humans. Similarly, different degrees of sociality in wild orangutans are associated with distinct 'vocal personalities' in terms of alarm call variants.
In humans, individuals' social setting determines which and how language is acquired. Social seclusion experiments show that sociality also guides vocal development in songbirds and marmoset monkeys, but absence of similar great ape data has been interpreted as support to saltational notions for language origin, even if such laboratorial protocols are unethical with great apes. Here we characterize the repertoire entropy of orangutan individuals and show that in the wild, different degrees of sociality across populations are associated with different 'vocal personalities' in the form of distinct regimes of alarm call variants. In high-density populations, individuals are vocally more original and acoustically unpredictable but new call variants are short lived, whereas individuals in low-density populations are more conformative and acoustically consistent but also exhibit more complex call repertoires. Findings provide non-invasive evidence that sociality predicts vocal phenotype in a wild great ape. They prove false hypotheses that discredit great apes as having hardwired vocal development programmes and non-plastic vocal behaviour. Social settings mould vocal output in hominids besides humans. Analysis of wild orangutan calls demonstrates that different degrees of sociality across populations are associated with different 'vocal personalities'.
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