期刊
PHARMACEUTICS
卷 14, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040883
关键词
nanocarriers characterization; challenges; artificial intelligence; future perspectives; stability; regulatory aspects; safety considerations
There is an increasing demand for the development of nanocarriers that can target multiple diseases with a broad range of properties. Nanocarriers, due to their tiny size, large surface area, and feasible targetability, have optimized efficacy, decreased side effects, and improved stability compared to conventional drug dosage forms. Various types of nanocarriers have been synthesized for drug delivery, and characterization techniques have been proposed and used to predict the behavior of nanocarriers in vitro and in vivo. However, challenges in safety, regulation, and manufacturing hinder the translation of nanocarriers from the laboratory to the clinic.
There has been an increasing demand for the development of nanocarriers targeting multiple diseases with a broad range of properties. Due to their tiny size, giant surface area and feasible targetability, nanocarriers have optimized efficacy, decreased side effects and improved stability over conventional drug dosage forms. There are diverse types of nanocarriers that have been synthesized for drug delivery, including dendrimers, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymersomes, polymer-drug conjugates, polymeric nanoparticles, peptide nanoparticles, micelles, nanoemulsions, nanospheres, nanocapsules, nanoshells, carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles, etc. Several characterization techniques have been proposed and used over the past few decades to control and predict the behavior of nanocarriers both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we describe some fundamental in vitro, ex vivo, in situ and in vivo characterization methods for most nanocarriers, emphasizing their advantages and limitations, as well as the safety, regulatory and manufacturing aspects that hinder the transfer of nanocarriers from the laboratory to the clinic. Moreover, integration of artificial intelligence with nanotechnology, as well as the advantages and problems of artificial intelligence in the development and optimization of nanocarriers, are also discussed, along with future perspectives.
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