期刊
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
卷 11, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092647
关键词
COVID-19; ocular symptoms; Luminex; tear film cytokine levels
资金
- Medical Research Agency-Poland [2020/ABM/COVID19/0059]
This study found that ophthalmic symptoms were not common in COVID-19 patients and did not trigger a strong immune response in the conjunctiva.
Background: This study investigated the presence and duration of ophthalmic symptoms in the early phase of COVID-19 to assess the corresponding local immune response on the ocular surface. Methods: The study included data from 180 COVID-19 patients and 160 age-matched healthy controls. The main finding was the occurrence of ophthalmological manifestations at the time of admission to the hospital and during the preceding 7 days. Tear film concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p70, GM-CSF, and IFN-gamma were determined by a magnetic bead assay. Results: Among the COVID-19 patients, 12.64% had at least one ocular symptom at the time of admission, and 24.14% had symptoms within the preceding 7 days (p < 0.001 vs. controls). We found that the COVID-19 patients complained more frequently about eye tearing (p = 0.04) and eye pain (p = 0.01) than controls. A multivariate analysis of the patients and controls adjusted for age and sex revealed that COVID-19 was an independent factor associated with higher VEGF and IL-10 tear film concentrations (beta = +0.13, p = 0.047 and beta = +0.34, p < 0.001, respectively) and lower IL-1 beta, IL-8, and GM-CSF levels (beta = -0.25, p < 0.001; beta = -0.18, p = 0.004; and beta = -0.82, p = 0.0 respectively). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 does not attract a strong local response of the conjunctival immune system; therefore, ophthalmic symptoms may not constitute a substantial element in the clinical picture of novel COVID-19 infection.
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