Geometrically engineered rigid island array for stretchable electronics capable of withstanding various deformation modes

Integration of rigid components in soft polymer matrix is considered as the most feasible architecture to enable stretchable electronics. However, a method of suppressing cracks at the interface between soft and rigid materials due to excessive and repetitive deformations of various types remains a formidable challenge. Here, we geometrically engineered Ferris wheel-shaped islands (FWIs) capable of effectively suppressing crack propagation at the interface under various deformation modes (stretching, twisting, poking, and crumpling). The optimized FWIs have notable increased strain at failure and fatigue life compared with conventional circle- and square-shaped islands. Stretchable electronics composed of various rigid components (LED and coin cell) were demonstrated using intrinsically stretchable printed electrodes. Furthermore, electronic skin capable of differentiating various tactile stimuli without interference was demonstrated. Our method enables stretchable electronics that can be used under various geometrical forms with notable enhanced durability, enabling stretchable electronics to withstand potentially harsh conditions of everyday usage.

Automated summary

This study developed a geometric engineering method to effectively suppress crack propagation at the interface between soft and rigid materials by designing Ferris wheel-shaped islands. The optimized islands exhibited higher strain and fatigue life compared to conventional circle- and square-shaped structures. Stretchable electronics composed of various rigid components were demonstrated using intrinsically stretchable printed electrodes. The findings suggest that this approach enables the production of stretchable electronics with enhanced durability.