Fabrication and Applications of Wrinkled Soft Substrates: An Overview

Morphology of soft materials, including those of natural systems has great influence in controlling their surface functionalities and responses to external stimuli. Surface morphological features of natural soft systems are produced through controlled cell growth and tissue growth. Artificial systems capable of emulating the morphology-dependent physicochemical responses of natural soft substrates can be prepared through various methods such as surface oxidation, thermal stress, compressive stress, etc. Wrinkling is an important morphological irregularity on soft substrates which can be leveraged in this direction. Wrinkling in artificial soft systems can be achieved through several experimental strategies such as compressive stress, thermal stress, surface oxidation, etc. The tunable, reversible and responsive nature of wrinkled soft substrates make them a potential tool for numerous applications in electronics, optics, adhesives, etc. In this review, have briefly summarized and commented on recent developments in different types of wrinkled soft substrates, their preparation, and emergent applications.

Automated summary

The morphology of soft materials, including natural systems, significantly influences their surface functionalities and responses to external stimuli. Surface features of natural soft systems are produced through controlled cell growth and tissue growth. Artificial systems that can mimic the morphology-dependent physicochemical responses of natural soft substrates can be prepared through various methods such as surface oxidation, thermal stress, and compressive stress. Wrinkling, an important morphological irregularity on soft substrates, can be achieved in artificial soft systems through experimental strategies like compressive stress, thermal stress, and surface oxidation. Wrinkled soft substrates, with their tunable, reversible, and responsive nature, have potential applications in electronics, optics, adhesives, etc.