期刊
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
卷 9, 期 5, 页码 3189-3203出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3097629
关键词
Radio frequency; Wireless sensor networks; Antennas; Energy harvesting; Schottky diodes; Integrated circuit modeling; Internet of Things; Energy harvesting; matching circuit; radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting; RF to dc converters; supercapacitor; wireless sensor network (WSN)
This article presents a perpetual energy source technique for wireless sensor network and IoT applications, along with an intelligent dynamic energy flow control algorithm. The proposed technique efficiently harvests radio-frequency energy in low-power regions and provides perpetual life time for ultra-low power sensor nodes.
Perpetual energy source is the major research issue in the research community for energy-constrained wireless sensor network (WSN) and IoT applications. Radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting has become a technology available round the clock due to increased communication activities. However, efficient RF energy harvesting for low-power regions [PRF <= (0 dBm)] is still a challenge. This article proposes a novel RF energy harvesting technique along with an intelligent dynamic energy flow control algorithm. The algorithm works with dedicated energy flow control hardware. It is also able to provide perpetual life time to the ultralow power sensor nodes. A close approximation of the size of the RF energy harvester array is proposed for the perpetual lifetime of the WSN node deployed with wake-up radio for event-based monitoring applications. The model is verified by mathematical analysis, simulation, and fabricated prototype results for the operability in the given system. It is found that the circuit provides improved dc output voltage over the previous benchmark at low power in the range of -20 to 0 dBm. The system can charge a 2.7 V, 350 F supercapacitor with the rate 0.16 mu V/s at 0 dBm, 0.125 mu V/s at -6 dBm, and 0.08 mu V/s at -20 dBm. To prove the utility of the proposed idea, an RF field survey is also conducted and found that the proposed circuit can harvest energy from high power region (>= -6 dBm) for LTE850 and LTE 900 bands.
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