期刊
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
卷 12, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/app12104832
关键词
geophagy; geochemistry; mineralogy; risk assessment; Maputo city
类别
资金
- GeoBioTec Research Centre - FEDER funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness Factors COMPETE [UID/GEO/04035/2019 + UIDB/04035/2020]
- National Funds through FCT
- Portuguese Institute Camoes
- FNI (Investigation National Fund-Mozambique)
This study characterizes and estimates the risk assessment of consuming geophagic materials in Maputo city, revealing potential health risks to teeth and colon due to the physical and chemical properties of these materials.
This study aims to characterize and estimate risk assessment associated with geophagic materials consumption in Maputo city (Mozambique). Samples were collected in extraction mines, unprepared and prepared ones, and in Maputo markets. Fractions < 2 mm (total consumed material) and <63 mu m were analyzed to determine pH, EC, OM, chemical composition (XRF), and mineral phases present (XRD). The results revealed pH from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, and electrical conductivity ranging from 13 to 47 mu S/cm in mine unprepared and prepared samples, while 264-465 mu S/cm in sampled sold in markets. Organic matter content was <2.76%, except in one sample (8.14%), suggesting a potential risk of containing bacteria. Textural analysis revealed that sand-size particles were more representative in all samples (57.2-93.02%). Mineralogical phases identified in the consumed sample were ranked quartz (>60%) > Fe oxides/hidroxides > phyllosilicates (micas and kaolinite) > feldspars, suggesting a risk of dental enamel damage and perforation of the sigmoid colon. The chemical concentration of some elements was higher than recommended daily dose, suggesting a potential risk. However, geophagic materials' chemical composition does not pose a carcinogenic risk.
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