期刊
ADVANCED SCIENCE
卷 9, 期 16, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105723
关键词
density gradient; ion concentration; vertically oriented structure
资金
- EPSRC UKRI Innovation Fellowship [MG23400]
- Faraday Institution Training Grant [EP/S001239/1, EP/S001239/2]
- EPSRC IAA Grant [FITG034]
- EPSRC Impact Acceleration Account [EP/R511559/1]
- MEXT KAKENHI [EP/R511638/1]
- UK Royal Society [19K05519]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science International Exchange Scheme [IEC\R3\193017]
- FWO-Flanders
- [3G0A0417W]
- [01GC1517]
The performance of Li+ ion batteries is affected by the steep Li+ ion concentration gradients in the electrodes. Current understanding of Li+ ion diffusion in electrodes is mainly based on computational modeling, and there are few experimental methods to visualize the Li+ ion concentration distribution in typical battery configurations. In this study, an interrupted in situ correlative imaging technique was developed to map the chemical and physical properties of an electrode inside a working coin cell battery in 3D.
The performance of Li+ ion batteries (LIBs) is hindered by steep Li+ ion concentration gradients in the electrodes. Although thick electrodes (>= 300 mu m) have the potential for reducing the proportion of inactive components inside LIBs and increasing battery energy density, the Li+ ion concentration gradient problem is exacerbated. Most understanding of Li+ ion diffusion in the electrodes is based on computational modeling because of the low atomic number (Z) of Li. There are few experimental methods to visualize Li+ ion concentration distribution of the electrode within a battery of typical configurations, for example, coin cells with stainless steel casing. Here, for the first time, an interrupted in situ correlative imaging technique is developed, combining novel, full-field X-ray Compton scattering imaging with X-ray computed tomography that allows 3D pixel-by-pixel mapping of both Li+ stoichiometry and electrode microstructure of a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode to correlate the chemical and physical properties of the electrode inside a working coin cell battery. An electrode microstructure containing vertically oriented pore arrays and a density gradient is fabricated. It is shown how the designed electrode microstructure improves Li+ ion diffusivity, homogenizes Li+ ion concentration through the ultra-thick electrode (1 mm), and improves utilization of electrode active materials.
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