Eutectic Reaction and Microstructure Stability in CoCrFeNiNbx High-Entropy Alloys

Seven arc-melted and then annealed CoCrFeNiNbx (x = 0.3-0.6) alloys are experimentally and thermodynamically investigated in the present work. All the as-cast and 1000 degrees C annealed CoCrFeNiNbx alloys are composed of face-centered cubic (FCC) and C14 Laves phases. Nb content in the C14 phase stays at around 24.5 at.%, and the Liquid -> FCC + C14 eutectic reaction occurred at around 10.8 at.% Nb in a narrow temperature range. It is found that the microstructure in the CoCrFeNiNbx alloys is dramatically affected by the cooling rate and annealing treatment. The C14 phase easily spheroidizes and coarsens under high temperature, which indicates that the interface energy between FCC and C14 is very large. Moreover, the solubility of Nb in the FCC phase decreases with decreasing temperature. After annealing at 800 degrees C, a needle-like nano Mg3Cd-type T phase precipitates from the pro-eutectic FCC phase and increases alloy hardness for similar to 100 HV. This should be a method to strengthen alloys.

Automated summary

This study experimentally and thermodynamically investigates seven arc-melted and annealed CoCrFeNiNbx (x = 0.3-0.6) alloys. The microstructure of the alloys is found to be significantly affected by cooling rate and annealing treatment. A method of strengthening the alloy by precipitating a T phase is proposed.