期刊
SYMMETRY-BASEL
卷 14, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/sym14030616
关键词
mono- and dimethylphosphatidylethanolamines; bacteria; fungi; animals; algae; chiral chromatography
资金
- European fund for regional development, the program Interreg V-A Austria-Czech Republic [ATCZ172 REEgain]
- Institutional Research Concept (Institute of Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic) [RVO61388971]
- Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic [MZE-RO1918]
Some organisms synthesize phospholipids with two asymmetric structures, and the use of chiral chromatography can prove that some bacteria have asymmetric membrane structures.
Two minor phospholipids, i.e., mono- and/or dimethylphosphatidylethanolamines, are widespread in many organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals. A molecular mixture of methyl-PE and dimethyl-PE was obtained from total lipids by liquid chromatography and further identified by mass spectrometry. Total methyl-PE and dimethyl-PE were cleaved by phospholipase C, and the resulting diacylglycerols, in the form of acetyl derivatives, were separated into alkyl-acyl, alkenyl-acyl, and diacylglycerols. Reversed-phase LC/MS allowed dozens of molecular species to be identified and further analyzed. This was performed on a chiral column, and identification by tandem positive ESI revealed that diacyl derivatives from all four bacteria were mixtures of both R and S enantiomers. The same applied to alkenyl-acyl derivatives of anaerobic bacteria. Analysis thus confirmed that some bacteria biosynthesize phospholipids having both sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and sn-glycerol-1-phosphate as precursors. These findings were further supported by data already published in GenBank. The use of chiral chromatography made it possible to prove that both enantiomers of glycerol phosphate of some molecular species of mono- and dimethylphosphatidylethanolamines are present. The result of the analysis can be interpreted that the cultured bacteria do not have homochiral membranes but, on the contrary, have an asymmetric, i.e., heterochiral membranes.
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