Realization of Lodging Tolerance in the Aromatic Grass, Cymbopogon khasianus Through Ploidy Intervention

Article Plant Sciences

Are chromosome number and genome size associated with habit and environmental niche variables? Insights from the Neotropical orchids

Ana Paula Moraes et al.

Summary: The study on Maxillariinae reveals that genome size and chromosome number are partially correlated with ecological data in the evolutionary process, suggesting the significance of these genomic traits in the ecological niche.

ANNALS OF BOTANY (2022)

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Article Plant Sciences

Endemism in recently diverged angiosperms is associated with polyploidy

Sara Villa et al.

Summary: This study found that polyploidy is more frequent and pronounced in endemic angiosperms, especially in recently evolved species. The maximum number of chromosomes decreases with taxon age, and recent endemic species have higher maximum chromosome numbers and a faster decline with age compared to non-endemic species. This supports the hypothesis that recent polyploidy is a key explanation for range restriction in angiosperms.

PLANT ECOLOGY (2022)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

Synthetic hybrid speciation: a resource for breeding novel lineages for secondary metabolites

Umesh Chandra Lavania et al.

Summary: Species differentiation can be achieved through ancestral lineage splitting or hybridization. Hybridization can result in new plant types with novel combinations of physiological, developmental, and metabolic pathways. By selecting suitable parental genotypes, the characteristics of the hybrid can be predicted to a large extent. The derived hybrid lineages can ensure stability through vegetative propagation and also offer the opportunity for seed cultivation through ploidy mediation and selection of novel types through meiotic segregation. Simulating homoploid speciation or somatic variation can generate new variations. This approach can be applied to quantitative breeding for secondary metabolites.

NUCLEUS-INDIA (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The plant cell wall: Biosynthesis, construction, and functions

Baocai Zhang et al.

Summary: The plant cell wall, composed of multiple biopolymers, is one of the most complex structural networks in nature. Through advancements in plant functional genomics, significant progress has been made in understanding cell wall biosynthesis, construction, and functions, as well as utilization of cell wall materials. Cutting-edge technologies have provided new insights into the intricate nanoscale network of the plant cell wall, opening up unprecedented possibilities for research.

JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Plant Sciences

Two Is Company, but Four Is a Party-Challenges of Tetraploidization for Cell Wall Dynamics and Efficient Tip-Growth in Pollen

Jens Westermann

Summary: Tip-growth is a successful evolutionary strategy found in major land plant taxa, allowing for the diversification of cell types across different life phases. Polyploidization events and subsequent re-diploidization may pose challenges to efficient tip-growth, leading to the evolution of compensatory mechanisms in polyploid plants.

PLANTS-BASEL (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Polyploidy: an evolutionary and ecological force in stressful times

Yves Van de Peer et al.

Summary: Polyploidy is hypothesized to play a role in both evolutionary dead-ends and diversification. Research suggests that whole-genome duplications may be linked with extinction events or global changes, while polyploids thrive in harsh environments. Biotic interactions, particularly with pathogens or mutualists, have differing effects on polyploids compared to nonpolyploids. Stress response is identified as a key factor in the establishment and success of polyploidy.

PLANT CELL (2021)

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Article Plant Sciences