期刊
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
卷 44, 期 1, 页码 170-181出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12860
关键词
ancestral areas; anuran; dispersal; divergence times; frog; molecular phylogenetics; phylogeography; tepui; Venezuela; vicariance
资金
- Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen [FWO12A7614N]
- Belgian Directorate-General for Development Cooperation
- King Leopold III Fund for Nature Exploration and Conservation
- Smithsonian Institution
- Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) Reproductions and Acquisitions Fund
- ROM Foundation
- ROM Department of Natural History, Goldstone Resources, Conservation International, National Geographic Society
- Coastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy
AimTo investigate the influence of tepuian geomorphology on species diversification in the Pantepui biogeographical region based on the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of tepui-endemic clades of stefania frogs (Stefania, Hemiphractidae). LocationThe tepuis' and uplands/lowlands of the Pantepui biogeographical region of northern South America, one of the least accessible and least studied areas in the world. MethodsTwo mitochondrial and two nuclear DNA sequences from 60 individuals of Stefania from 24 localities in Pantepui were employed to infer phylogenetic affinities and estimate divergence times within the genus using both concatenation and species tree analyses. Ancestral areas were inferred using multiple models in a common likelihood framework. ResultsPhylogenetic analyses revealed high diversity in the genus Stefania with 10 candidate species in the Eastern Pantepui District. Four strongly supported clades are recovered in the area, one being exclusively composed of microendemics on isolated tepui summits. Biogeographical analyses suggest episodes of fragmentation of widespread tepuian ancestors from the onset of diversification of the genus, estimated in the Oligocene (c.26Ma), therefore suggesting a neglected vicariant model of Pantepui evolution, the Plateau Theory. Main conclusionsAlthough our results suggest that vicariance played an important role in the diversification of Stefania, speciation in Pantepui followed an intricate pattern implying multiple nonexclusive processes. Vicariance and dispersal likely influenced diversification patterns of the Pantepui fauna, possibly according to the following sequence: (1) Cenozoic vicariance; (2) reorganization of species diversity due to periods of climatic instability; (3) recent invasions (Pleistocene) of widespread upland taxa.
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