4.3 Article

District-Level Risk Factors for COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in Nepal

相关参考文献

注意:仅列出部分参考文献,下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Review Immunology

Airborne or Droplet Precautions for Health Workers Treating Coronavirus Disease 2019?

Prateek Bahl et al.

Summary: Cases of COVID-19 have been reported worldwide, with a high number of healthcare workers being infected. There are conflicting guidelines for COVID-19 prevention, and the available evidence does not support droplet precautions and a 1- to 2-meter spatial separation rule.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

Article Respiratory System

Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study using the UK Biobank cohort

Ashley K. Clift et al.

Summary: Analysis of UK Biobank data reveals a significant positive association between smoking and risk of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death, supporting a causal effect of smoking on severe COVID-19.

THORAX (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Obesity as a risk factor forCOVID-19 mortality in women and men in theUKbiobank: Comparisons with influenza/pneumonia and coronary heart disease

Sanne A. E. Peters et al.

Summary: This study using data from the UK Biobank found that obesity is associated with an increased risk of COVID-19, influenza/pneumonia, and coronary heart disease mortality, with a higher BMI showing stronger effects on COVID-19 mortality in women compared to men.

DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM (2021)

Article Infectious Diseases

Crowding Effects Dominate Demographic Attributes in COVID-19 Cases

Awi Federgruen et al.

Summary: The study found that the variation in COVID-19 incidence rates is mainly influenced by average household size, as well as the percentage of population above 65 and below the poverty line. Additionally, ethnic/racial characteristics are correlated with incidence rates. Population density itself does not have a significantly positive impact on incidence rates.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Socioeconomic inequalities associated with mortality for COVID-19 in Colombia: a cohort nationwide study

Myriam Patricia Cifuentes et al.

Summary: The study found significant socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality, with higher risk of death among males, individuals over 60 years old, indigenous people, those under subsidised health insurance regime, and individuals living in the very low socioeconomic strata.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

District level correlates of COVID-19 pandemic in India during March-October 2020

Vandana Tamrakar et al.

Summary: This study found that as of October 31, 2020, the COVID-19 infection ratio in India was 42.85 per hundred thousand population, with the highest in Kerala (259.63) and the lowest in Bihar (6.58). About 80 percent of infected cases and 61 percent of deaths were observed in nine states. Factors significantly and positively associated with the COVID-19 infection ratio include percentage of working-age population, district population density, urban population percentage, testing ratio, and percentage of stunted children.

PLOS ONE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Protective measures are associated with the reduction of transmission of COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A nationwide cross-sectional study

Nadim Sharif et al.

Summary: The study found that preventive health measures are significantly associated with the reduction of the risk of infection of COVID-19, which can help policymakers take appropriate steps to curb the health burden of the disease.

PLOS ONE (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Urban environments and COVID-19 in three Eastern states of the United States

Whanhee Lee et al.

Summary: This study found that COVID-19 outcomes were generally highest in urban areas with high population density, and were strongly positively associated with the percentage of Black or Hispanic residents, overcrowded households, uninsured people, and income inequality, while negatively associated with the percentage of elderly, sex ratio, and greenness. The results could provide guidance on where resources are most needed.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: a systematic review

Hailay Abrha Gesesew et al.

Summary: This study aimed to provide evidence on risk factors for COVID-19 transmission, disease severity, and deaths in Africa. Higher infection rates in Africa are associated with factors such as high population density, urbanization, transport connectivity, tourism volume, international trade, economic and political openness, and limited access to healthcare. Demographic, institutional, ecological, health system, and politico-economic factors were found to influence the spectrum of COVID-19 infection, severity, and death, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary approaches for effective prevention strategies.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Behavioral Factors Associated with COVID-19 Risk: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan

Sae Ochi et al.

Summary: The study identified negative correlations between diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and behaviors such as avoiding crowds, wearing masks, and hand-washing, while it found positive correlations with behaviors like changing clothes frequently, sanitizing belongings, and remote working as preventive actions against infection.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

Article Immunology

Lifestyle risk factors and infectious disease mortality, including COVID-19, among middle aged and older adults: Evidence from a community-based cohort study in the United Kingdom

Matthew N. Ahmadi et al.

Summary: In a community-based cohort study, meeting public health guidelines or best practice recommendations for lifestyle risk factors was associated with lower mortality from infectious diseases, including pneumonia and COVID-19. There was a beneficial dose-response association with a higher lifestyle index against mortality, which was consistent across different demographic groups.

BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Pre-existing health conditions and severe COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review approach and meta-analysis of global evidence

Marina Treskova-Schwarzbach et al.

Summary: This study used an umbrella review approach to summarize global evidence on the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with pre-existing health conditions. The risk of adverse COVID-19 health outcomes is consistently increased in certain patient subgroups across geographical regions, showing high variability in others. The results can help inform COVID-19 vaccine prioritization or other intervention strategies.

BMC MEDICINE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Inter-provincial disparity of COVID-19 transmission and control in Nepal

Buddhi Pantha et al.

Summary: The province-wise data from Nepal offers a unique opportunity to study effective COVID-19 control strategies, revealing noticeable disparities in epidemic trends and growth rates among provinces. This highlights the importance of province-focused strategies alongside national-level strategies to ensure control of local transmission.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics Among Close Contacts of Index Patients With COVID-19 A Population-Based Cohort Study in Zhejiang Province, China

Yang Ge et al.

Summary: The study showed that COVID-19 patients were most infectious a few days before and after symptom onset. Infected contacts of asymptomatic index patients were less likely to present with COVID-19 symptoms, suggesting that quantity of exposure may be associated with clinical presentation in close contacts. This study evaluates the association between the timing of exposure and severity of COVID-19 disease in close contacts of index patients with COVID-19.

JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE (2021)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Combating the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of the First Wave From Nepal

Buddha Bahadur Basnet et al.

Summary: The Government of Nepal has implemented various measures to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, with high recovery rates but continued efforts are needed to control the outbreak. The highest number of infected cases are in the age group of 21-30, with a male to female death ratio of 2.33. Further efforts are required to strengthen the pandemic prevention work in Nepal.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19: towards controlling of a pandemic

Juliet Bedford et al.

LANCET (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY

Elizabeth J. Williamson et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Age-dependent effects in the transmission and control of COVID-19 epidemics

Nicholas G. Davies et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2020)

Review Integrative & Complementary Medicine

Predictors of mortality in patients with COVID-19-a systematic review

Esmaeil Mehraeen et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE (2020)

Review Environmental Sciences

The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Karla Romero Starke et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)