期刊
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
卷 18, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2035117
关键词
Autoimmunity; autoimmune diseases; Foxp3; regulatory T cell (Treg); self versus non-self; Treg therapy
This article discusses the mechanism of autoimmune diseases and the crucial role of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs control immune suppression by regulating various immune cells, protecting the body from the impact of autoimmune diseases. Studying T cell markers and therapeutic approaches can help reduce the severity of autoimmune-related conditions.
Autoimmune diseases are caused when immune cells act against self-protein. This biological self-non-self-discrimination phenomenon is controlled by a distinct group of lymphocytes known as regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are key inflammatory response regulators and play a pivotal role in immune tolerance and homeostasis. Treg-mediated robust immunosuppression provides self-tolerance and protection against autoimmune diseases. However, once this system fails to operate or poorly operate, it leads to an extreme situation where immune system reacts against self-antigens and destroys host organs, thus causing autoimmune diseases. Tregs can target both innate and adaptive immunity via modulating multiple immune cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, antigen-presenting cells, B cells, and T cells. This review highlights the Treg-mediated immunosuppression, role of several markers and their interplay during Treg development and differentiation, and advances in therapeutic aspects of Treg cells to reduce severity of autoimmunity-related conditions along with emphasizing limitations and challenges of their usages.
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