期刊
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
卷 23, 期 12, 页码 1690-1697出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac031
关键词
ketogenic diet; FDG; PET; myocardial glucose uptake; carbohydrate
资金
- American Society of Nuclear Cardiology (ASNC) Institute for the Advancement of Nuclear Cardiology (IANC) award
- Department of Radiology at the University of Pennsylvania
- Public Health Services Research Grant (University of Pennsylvania Diabetes Research Center Radioimmunoassay and Biomarkers Core) [P30 DK19525]
- National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [2UL1TR001878-06]
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [2UL1TR001878-06]
- NIH [R01HL151345, R01-HL 121510, U01-TR003734, R33-HL-146390, R01-HL153646, K24-AG070459, R01-AG058969, R03HL146874, R56-HL136730, R01-HL-15599, R01-HL-157264]
This study aimed to assess the predictive utility of nutrient intake in achieving myocardial glucose suppression (MGS) during ketogenic diet (KD) treatment. The results showed that only about half of the patients met the strict carbohydrate goals during highly supervised, short-term KD. There are currently no clear thresholds for carbohydrate or fat intake that reliably predict MGS.
Aims The ketogenic diet (KD) is standard-of-care to achieve myocardial glucose suppression (MGS) for assessing inflammation using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). As KD protocols remain highly variable between centres (including estimation of nutrient intake by dietary logs for adequacy of dietary preparation), we aimed to assess the predictive utility of nutrient intake in achieving MGS. Methods and results Nineteen healthy participants underwent short-term KD, with FDG-PET performed after 1 and 3 days of KD (goal carbohydrate intake <20 g/day). Nutrient consumption was estimated from dietary logs using nutrition research software. The area under receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) of macronutrients (carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake) for predicting MGS was analysed. The association between 133 nutrients and 4 biomarkers [beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids, insulin, and glucagon] with myocardial glucose uptake was assessed using mixed effects regression with false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Median (25th-75th percentile) age was 29 (25-34) years, 47% were women, and 42% were non-white. Median (25th-75th percentile) carbohydrate intake (g) was 18.7 (13.1-30.7), 16.9 (10.4-28.7), and 21.1 (16.6-29.0) on Days 1-3. No macronutrient intake (carbohydrate, fat, or protein) predicted MGS (c-statistic 0.45, 0.53, 0.47, respectively). Of 133 nutrients and 4 biomarkers, only BHB was associated with myocardial glucose uptake after FDR correction (corrected P-value 0.003). Conclusions During highly supervised, short-term KD, approximately half of patients meet strict carbohydrate goals. Yet, in healthy volunteers, dietary review does not provide reassurance for adequacy of myocardial preparation since no clear thresholds for carbohydrate or fat intake reliably predict MGS.
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