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Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Teresa R. Wagner et al.
Summary: The study identified two high-affinity biparatopic nanobodies that can neutralize multiple emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing protection against virus infection in vivo and demonstrating a significant reduction in disease progression.
Article
Cell Biology
Izumi Kimura et al.
Summary: This study reveals the increased infectivity and antibody evasion mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant using pseudoviruses. The spike protein of the Lambda variant is more infectious than other variants due to specific mutations, and the RSYLTPGD246-253N mutation is responsible for antibody evasion and enhanced infection.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Binquan Luan et al.
Summary: The K417N mutation in the B.1.351 variant abolishes a buried salt bridge between the receptor domain of SARS-CoV-2 and neutralizing antibody CB6, reducing their binding energy and allowing the variant to evade CB6 more efficiently.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.
Summary: Severe cases of COVID-19 show increased inflammatory markers, lymphopenia, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and high antibody levels. High neutralization potency is a predictor of survival. Patient sera can neutralize different strains, indicating cross-protection from reinfection.
Article
Immunology
Vincent Legros et al.
Summary: The study investigated the neutralizing antibody response in serum samples from 140 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, finding that antibody titers correlated with disease severity and anti-spike IgG levels. Post-recovery, patients' nAb activity declined more rapidly compared to individuals infected with other coronaviruses, and previous infection by human coronaviruses did not generate protective nAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the D614G mutation in the spike protein did not lead to neutralization escape.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert L. Gottlieb et al.
Summary: The study showed that treatment with bamlanivimab and etesevimab was significantly associated with a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral load at day 11 in nonhospitalized patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, compared to placebo. However, bamlanivimab monotherapy did not show a significant reduction in viral load. Ongoing clinical trials will focus on assessing the clinical benefits of antispike neutralizing antibodies in COVID-19 patients.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine McMahan et al.
Summary: Adoptive transfer of purified IgG from convalescent macaques protects naive macaques against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and cellular immune responses contribute to protection against rechallenge with SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest that relatively low antibody titres are sufficient for protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques, while higher antibody titres are required for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
D. M. Weinreich et al.
Summary: Recent data indicate that complications and death from Covid-19 may be related to high viral loads. In this trial involving nonhospitalized patients, a cocktail of two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (REGN-COV2) reduced viral load, with a greater effect in patients with no immune response or high viral load at baseline. Safety outcomes were similar between REGN-COV2 dose groups and the placebo group.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Alfredo Mendrone-Junior et al.
Summary: This study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassays (S/CO) can predict high anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs titers. Different criteria for identifying donors with >= 1:160 nAbs titers have been proposed in this study, all showing high efficacy.
Article
Immunology
Young-Il Kim et al.
Summary: The study found that ferrets with high NAb titres after SARS-CoV-2 infection showed attenuated viral replication and rapid viral clearance upon reinfection, while ferrets with low NAb titres were more prone to reinfection.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaoying Shen et al.
Summary: Current COVID-19 vaccines target the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike, but the emerging B.1.1.7 variant with multiple spike mutations may impact some antibody therapies while posing no major concerns for vaccine efficacy or increased risk of reinfection.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Houriiyah Tegally et al.
Summary: The article describes a newly emerged lineage of SARS-CoV-2, 501Y.V2, characterized by eight mutations in the spike protein, which may result in increased transmissibility or immune escape. This lineage originated in South Africa and quickly became dominant in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, and KwaZuluNatal provinces within weeks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengfei Wang et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global repercussions, with promising vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapies. However, newly detected variants of SARS-CoV-2 present challenges to these treatment options.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rahul Subramanian et al.
Summary: The study suggests that asymptomatic infections play a significant role in the spread and resurgence of COVID-19, even though it is challenging to accurately estimate their contributions due to changes in testing capacity. Even if asymptomatic infections have lower transmission rates, they still comprise a substantial portion of the force of infection along with presymptomatic cases.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Becker et al.
Summary: The humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for understanding COVID-19 progression, monitoring seroconversion, and supporting vaccine development. A multiplex immunoassay has been developed, including spike and nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and endemic human coronaviruses, with high specificity and sensitivity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus Hoffmann et al.
Summary: The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants may exhibit resistance to existing neutralizing antibodies and treatments, which could have significant implications for pandemic containment efforts.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Teresa R. Wagner et al.
Summary: This study identified inhibitory nanobodies, generated a biparatopic nanobody with significant viral neutralization efficacy, and established a competitive multiplex binding assay for analyzing neutralizing immune responses. This method enables high-throughput screening and detailed analysis of neutralizing immune responses in infected or vaccinated individuals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Binquan Luan et al.
Summary: Recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations, such as N501Y, may enhance binding to hACE2. Molecular dynamics simulations show that Y501 in the mutated RBD can interact with Y41 and K353 in hACE2, potentially increasing the overall binding affinity by approximately 0.81 kcal center dot mol(-1). This binding dynamics may aid in designing more effective antibodies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob T. Heggestad et al.
Summary: CoVariant-SCAN is a rapid test developed to detect neutralizing antibodies against different SARS-CoV-2 variants, showing consistent results with live virus neutralization assays and aiding in the rapid assessment of antibody response.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaoying Shen et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leonidas Stamatatos et al.
Summary: The study found that vaccination of both previously infected individuals and those who were not infected resulted in increased neutralizing antibody titers, with previously infected individuals showing a greater boost in neutralizing titers. Vaccination of naive individuals also elicited cross-neutralizing responses, but at lower titers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefania Dispinseri et al.
Summary: The study reveals that antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein play a significant role in neutralization and protection against severe COVID-19, unaffected by heterologous boosting or common cold immunity, and can last for up to 8 months.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florian Krammer
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Venkata-Viswanadh Edara et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pinja Jalkanen et al.
Summary: The study shows that the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine can induce cross-neutralization to some extent of SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing partial protection. Despite the reduced neutralization effect on the B.1.351 variant, the majority of vaccinees still have some level of protection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Becker et al.
Summary: This study characterizes the antibody response from vaccinated, infected, and uninfected individuals against emerging variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2, indicating reduced neutralization of a South African isolate. High IgG titers in the saliva of vaccinees suggest reduced transmission potential.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Danuta M. Skowronski et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
David G. Grenache et al.
Summary: The study aimed to correlate antibodies detected by an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay with NAbs and established a signal cutoff value for NAb detection. Results showed a significant correlation between the immunoassay signal value and NAbs, and established a relationship between a commercial antibody test and PRNT results.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Natalia Ruetalo et al.
Summary: The majority of mild cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection develop antibody responses, with a focus on antibodies against the spike protein. Some patients do not develop antibodies or have weak responses. Antibodies against seasonal coronavirus 229E may contribute to neutralization of SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Microbiology
Xuping Xie et al.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rui Shi et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatima Amanat et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Piccoli et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas F. Rogers et al.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florian Krammer
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Shibo Jiang et al.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Donald N. Forthal
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2014)
