Smart Bone Graft Composite for Cancer Therapy Using Magnetic Hyperthermia

Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is a therapy that uses the heat generated by a magnetic material for cancer treatment. Magnetite nanoparticles are the most used materials in MHT. However, magnetite has a high Curie temperature (Tc similar to 580 degrees C), and its use may generate local superheating. To overcome this problem, strontium-doped lanthanum manganite could replace magnetite because it shows a Tc near the ideal range (42-45 degrees C). In this study, we developed a smart composite formed by an F18 bioactive glass matrix with different amounts of Lanthanum-Strontium Manganite (LSM) powder (5, 10, 20, and 30 wt.% LSM). The effect of LSM addition was analyzed in terms of sinterability, magnetic properties, heating ability under a magnetic field, and in vitro bioactivity. The saturation magnetization (M-s) and remanent magnetization (M-r) increased by the LSM content, the confinement of LSM particles within the bioactive glass matrix also caused an increase in Tc. Calorimetry evaluation revealed a temperature increase from 5 degrees C (composition LSM5) to 15 degrees C (LSM30). The specific absorption rates were also calculated. Bioactivity measurements demonstrated HCA formation on the surface of all the composites in up to 15 days. The best material reached 40 degrees C, demonstrating the proof of concept sought in this research. Therefore, these composites have great potential for bone cancer therapy and should be further explored.

Automated summary

Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), a therapy that utilizes the heat generated by a magnetic material for cancer treatment, has great potential in bone cancer therapy. In this study, a smart composite material composed of an F18 bioactive glass matrix and different amounts of Lanthanum-Strontium Manganite (LSM) powder was developed. The addition of LSM improved the magnetic properties and heating ability of the composite, and also demonstrated in vitro bioactivity. The composites showed promising results in raising the temperature to 40°C, indicating their potential for use in bone cancer therapy.