Mechanism-Based Design of Efficient PET Hydrolases

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Structure-function analysis of two closely related cutinases from Thermobifida cellulosilytica

Jenny Arnling Baath et al.

Summary: This study rigorously characterized two almost identical cutinases and demonstrated that even minor sequence differences in cutinases can drastically affect their substrate binding, substrate specificity, and catalytic efficiency.

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Comparative Performance of PETase as a Function of Reaction Conditions, Substrate Properties, and Product Accumulation

Erika Erickson et al.

Summary: This study compares the performance of two types of PET-hydrolyzing enzymes and finds that reaction temperature has the strongest influence on their performance. Both enzymes achieve higher levels of PET conversion for substrates with moderate crystallinity, and show different inhibition profiles to product accumulation.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Engineering and evaluation of thermostable IsPETase variants for PET degradation

Stefan Brott et al.

Summary: In this study, a mutant library of a thermostable triple mutant (TM) of IsPETase was generated using error-prone PCR, resulting in the discovery of four more thermostable IsPETase variants when screened against Impranil DLN W 50. The most promising variant IsPETaseTM(K95N/F201I) exhibited a 5.0 degrees C higher melting point than IsPETaseTM, making it a more active PET hydrolase at higher reaction temperatures up to 60 degrees C. Thermostability was highlighted as a crucial characteristic for an effective PET hydrolase based on the findings.

ENGINEERING IN LIFE SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting of PET degrading microorganisms

Yuxin Qiao et al.

Summary: A high-throughput screening pipeline was developed to identify PET-degrading microorganisms or enzymes, successfully isolating species capable of degrading PET from environmental samples and genetically deriving and validating two putative PETases. The FADS pipeline shows promise for discovering new plastic-degrading microorganisms and enzymes, potentially aiding in the directed evolution of degrading enzymes through synthetic biology.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Computational biotransformation of polyethylene terephthalate by depolymerase: A QM/MM approach

Mingna Zheng et al.

Summary: Four concerted steps are needed to complete the catalytic cycle of PET biotransformation by leaf-branch compost cutinase (LCC), with deacylation identified as the rate-determining step. Unprecedented fluctuations of hydrogen bond length were observed during LCC catalyzed transformation process toward PET, indicating a potential widespread phenomenon in enzymes containing catalytic triads. Possible features influencing the catalytic reaction were identified, establishing correlations between activation energies and key features.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Degradation of sulfonated polyethylene by a bio-photo-fenton approach usingglucose oxidase immobilized on titanium dioxide

Sunil Ghatge et al.

Summary: The highly recalcitrant PE plastics can be efficiently degraded with small organic acids produced using novel Bio-Fenton and Bio-Photo-Fenton reactions. The TiO2-GOx reaction under UV radiation resulted in significantly higher release of organic acids compared to free GOx reaction.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Kinetic Modeling of the Post-consumer Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Hydrolysis Catalyzed by Cutinase from Humicola insolens

Erika de Queiros Eugenio et al.

Summary: The study evaluated a kinetic model for the enzymatic hydrolysis of PC-PET using HiC as a catalyst, showing that HiC is not inhibited by major PET hydrolysis products. The experimental data fit well with the kinetic model, validating its use in describing the enzymatic hydrolysis process. The study also provided reliable parameters for the enzymatic hydrolysis, demonstrating the potential of HiC as a biocatalyst for PC-PET degradation in a circular economy.

JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

The metabolic potential of plastics as biotechnological carbon sources-Review and targets for the future

Till Tiso et al.

Summary: The plastic crisis demands drastic measures, especially for the end-of-life of plastics. Microbial metabolism offers new possibilities for the recycling of mixed plastic fractions. By degrading plastics into oligo- and monomers, these carbon sources can be utilized in biotechnology to transform plastic waste into valuable products like bioplastics and biosurfactants. The study presents well-known monomer degradation pathways and calculates the potential replacement scenarios for existing fossil-based synthesis routes. The findings highlight the attractiveness of plastic monomers as alternative carbon sources for fossil-based products.

METABOLIC ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Weakly hydrated anions bind to polymers but not monomers in aqueous solutions

Bradley A. Rogers et al.

Summary: Research has shown that weakly hydrated anions can solubilize macromolecules but cause small molecules made from identical chemical constituents to precipitate out. This phenomenon can be explained by the regulation of anion binding to polymers by molecular curvature and interfacial water structure. The interactions of NaSCN with polyethylene oxide oligomers and polymers of varying molecular weight reveal a link between ion-specific effects and theories addressing how hydrophobic hydration is modulated by the size and shape of a hydrophobic entity.

NATURE CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reconfigurable asymmetric protein assemblies through implicit negative design

Danny D. Sahtoe et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the successful generation of stable, folded, and soluble designs using implicit negative design, which can undergo subunit exchange to enable reconfiguration of various complexes. The approach provides a general route to designing asymmetric reconfigurable protein systems.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Low Carbon Footprint Recycling of Post-Consumer PET Plastic with a Metagenomic Polyester Hydrolase

Christian Sonnendecker et al.

Summary: Enzyme-based hydrolysis is a promising strategy for sustainable recycling of plastics. A study found that the enzyme PHL7 can completely degrade plastics and the products can be used to synthesize new plastics.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Chemical testing of mechanically recycled polyethylene terephthalate for food packaging in the European Union

E. D. Tsochatzis et al.

Summary: Research suggests that PET material can be mechanically recycled and used in food contact applications, but the development of appropriate analytical tools for safety assessment is still in its infancy. Current safety evaluation methods need further improvement to ensure full compliance of rPET with safety standards.

RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Non-Hydrolyzable Plastics - An Interdisciplinary Look at Plastic Bio-Oxidation

Hedda Inderthal et al.

Summary: Enzymatic plastic conversion is seen as a potential alternative to traditional plastic waste management, with a focus on biodegradable plastics such as polyesters. However, there are still challenges in applying enzymatic degradation to other commercial plastics. Addressing extensive knowledge gaps and understanding the crucial impact of physicochemical factors on reactions in less well-studied plastic types are essential for expanding the application of enzymatic degradation.

TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Thermophilic whole-cell degradation of polyethylene terephthalate using engineered Clostridium thermocellum

Fei Yan et al.

Summary: Genetically engineered thermophilic bacteria, capable of secreting a thermophilic cutinase, have shown promising potential for high-efficiency biodegradation of PET plastics at elevated temperatures, providing a sustainable solution for managing plastic waste in the future.

MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

FireProtASR: A Web Server for Fully Automated Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction

Milos Musil et al.

Summary: Researchers are increasingly interested in improving the stability of proteins, and ancestral sequence reconstruction has been proven to be an effective method for designing stable proteins. FireProt(ASR) offers a fully automated workflow to help users obtain ancestral sequences based on just a sequence query.

BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Comparative Biochemistry of Four Polyester (PET) Hydrolases**

Jenny Arnling Baath et al.

Summary: Research on enzymatic degradation of synthetic polymers, particularly PET, has been stimulated by the potential of bioprocessing in a circular plastic economy. A kinetic framework for comparisons of PET hydrolases acting on insoluble substrate has been proposed and tested, revealing that a variant of the PET hydrolase from Ideonella sakaiensis is the most efficient enzyme at ambient conditions. Additionally, both soluble and insoluble PET fragments were hydrolyzed faster than intact PET, suggesting that interactions between polymer strands play a role in slowing down PET degradation.

CHEMBIOCHEM (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

IsPETase Is a Novel Biocatalyst for Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) Hydrolysis

Yeyi Kan et al.

Summary: PET is widely used but also a major source of plastic pollution. Enzymatic processes have been explored for PET waste disposal, with IsPETase showing potential for industrial applications. Continuing research on cutinase-like enzymes could lead to suitable biocatalysts for industrial use.

CHEMBIOCHEM (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biocatalysis in the Recycling Landscape for Synthetic Polymers and Plastics towards Circular Textiles

Christina Jonsson et al.

Summary: Although the separation of individual components from polymer blends in textiles is currently unavailable at a viable scale, biotechnology may provide a solution. However, biotechnological-assisted depolymerization only works for a few synthetic polymer chains, and the use of difficult-to-recycle blended materials is rapidly growing in the textile industry.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

A comprehensive and critical review on key elements to implement enzymatic PET depolymerization for recycling purposes

Adriano Carniel et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Adsorption of enzymes with hydrolytic activity on polyethylene terephthalate

Silke Flindt Badino et al.

Summary: The study found that three PET hydrolases showed significant affinity for PET substrate under enzyme and substrate excess conditions, with a correlation between enzymatic hydrolysis progression and increased binding. The results suggest that rational design of PET degrading enzymes should focus on specific ligand interactions in the active site.

ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural basis of mutants of PET-degrading enzyme from Saccharomonospora viridis AHK190 with high activity and thermal stability

Miho Emori et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that Cut190*SS increased thermal stability while maintaining enzymatic function, attributed to the formation of a disulfide bond by Cys250 and Cys296. Results indicated that although the metal-binding properties of Cut190*SS series differed, the enzyme retained its ability to utilize Ca2+ to accelerate conformational change, thereby preserving its functionality.

PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Catalytically inactive lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PcAA14A enhances the enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate

Longhai Dai et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated the synergistic effects of combining PET-degrading enzyme IsPETase(EHA) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PcAA14A in PET degradation. PcAA14A alone did not hydrolyze PET, but it enhanced the hydrolytic efficiency of IsPETase(EHA) by 1.3-fold. The stimulatory effects of PcAA14A on IsPETase(EHA) are independent of monooxygenase activity, and the optimal concentrations for PET hydrolysis were determined to be 25 μg/mL of IsPETase(EHA) and 0.25 μg/mL of PcAA14A. The presence of PcAA14A increased the hydrolysis products by 27.7% compared to IsPETase(EHA) alone.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Computational Redesign of a PETase for Plastic Biodegradation under Ambient Condition by the GRAPE Strategy

Yinglu Cui et al.

Summary: This study successfully improved the robustness of PETase through a computational strategy, resulting in the redesign of a variant DuraPETase with significantly elevated melting temperature and enhanced degradation of PET films, as well as complete biodegradation of microplastics at mild temperatures. The design strategy presents opportunities for handling uncollectable PET waste and converting resulting monomers into high-value molecules.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An absorbance method for analysis of enzymatic degradation kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) films

En Ze Linda Zhong-Johnson et al.

Summary: Increased interest in PET-degrading enzymes has led to efforts to find mutants with improved catalytic activity and thermostability. A simple and fast method for determining relative enzyme kinetics was presented in this study, showing that mutations in the thermostable variant of PETase improved catalytic rates 5- to 7-fold. The results support the necessity of kinetic measurements to determine relationships between sequence and function for PET hydrolases like IsPETase.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Progress in the catalytic glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate

Jiayu Xin et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the development history and recycling of PET, focusing on catalytic glycolysis as a promising method. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of metallic catalysts and ILs, DESs, as well as the importance of glycolysis kinetics research.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Manufacturing energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with plastics consumption

Scott R. Nicholson et al.

Summary: Comparing the supply chain energy requirements and greenhouse gas emissions of bio-based and/or circular plastic production to incumbent manufacturing paradigms is essential for informing the development of future disruptive technologies in the synthetic polymer industry.

JOULE (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Biodegradation and up-cycling of polyurethanes: Progress, challenges, and prospects

Jiawei Liu et al.

Summary: This article discusses the global ranking and importance of polyurethanes, as well as their characteristics in terms of environmental factors and durability. It also highlights the need for proper disposal of polyurethane waste and the differences in polymer structure. Furthermore, it explores the discovery and application of polyurethane-degrading microbes and enzymes, as well as strategies for recycling and upcycling waste polymers.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Secretory expression in Bacillus subtilis and biochemical characterization of a highly thermostable polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase from bacterium HR29

Xingxiang Xi et al.

Summary: The environmental threat of plastic waste disposal has been a major concern, and recycling PET waste into reusable materials has become a solution. This study introduced a highly efficient PETase, BhrPETase, with superior hydrolyzing activity towards amorphous PET and remarkable thermostability, making it a promising candidate for PET recycling and bioremediation applications.

ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emission plastics by a circular carbon economy

Raoul Meys et al.

Summary: Achieving net-zero emission plastics can be done by combining biomass and CO2 utilization with increased recycling rates, which can save a significant amount of energy. To realize the potential cost savings, it is important to lower production costs, incentivize large-scale recycling, and reduce investment barriers for technologies using renewable carbon feedstock.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

The Current State of Research on PET Hydrolyzing Enzymes Available for Biorecycling

Fusako Kawai

Summary: This paper discusses the differences between thermophilic cutinases and mesophilic cutinases in PET hydrolysis. Thermophilic cutinases have a higher degradation ability in PET biorecycling due to their capability to work in high-temperature environments.

CATALYSTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Direct fermentative conversion of poly(ethylene terephthalate) into poly(hydroxyalkanoate) by Ideonella sakaiensis

Ryoga Fujiwara et al.

Summary: The bacterium Ideonella sakaiensis was found to be capable of degrading PET plastic and converting it into environmentally friendly plastic, offering a new approach for PET recycling.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Emerging Strategies in Polyethylene Terephthalate Hydrolase Research for Biorecycling

Fusako Kawai

Summary: Research on PET hydrolyzing enzymes aims to increase thermostability for higher activity, as well as to pretreat waste PET for biodegradability. Improving enzyme thermostabilities through gene mutation, host expression, and modifications, as well as processing waste PET into more readily biodegradable forms, are crucial for achieving PET biorecycling.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Class I hydrophobins pretreatment stimulates PETase for monomers recycling of waste PETs

Nathania Puspitasari et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that using PETase expressed and purified from Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6, as well as Class I hydrophobins RolA and HGFI expressed and purified from Escherichia coli, for hydrolysis and pretreatment of PET fibers waste can effectively recycle monomers from PET waste, enhance hydrolysis efficiency, and increase the release of terephthalic acid and monomers.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Fusion of Chitin-Binding Domain From Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 to the Leaf-Branch Compost Cutinase for Enhanced PET Hydrolysis

Rui Xue et al.

Summary: A new method has been developed to fuse a chitin-binding domain from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 to a cutinase, improving its adsorption to PET substrates and enhancing degradation performance by up to 19.6% compared to the precursor enzyme. This approach shows promising potential in stimulating the enzymatic hydrolysis of PET by fusing a polymer-binding module to the enzyme.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Surface display as a functional screening platform for detecting enzymes active on PET

Sophia A. H. Heyde et al.

Summary: PET is the most common polyester plastic in the world, but its accumulation in nature is causing global environmental issues. Current recycling processes deteriorate the mechanical properties of PET, necessitating more efficient and bio-sustainable hydrolysis methods. A recently discovered PETase enzyme has shown potential for biodegrading PET, but engineering more efficient PETases is currently progressing slowly.

MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Development of a Targeted Gene Disruption System in the Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate)-Degrading Bacterium Ideonella sakaiensis and Its Applications to PETase and MHETase Genes

Shin-ichi Hachisuka et al.

Summary: The study reveals that PETase and MHETase are essential enzymes for I. sakaiensis in the metabolism of PET, with PETase being the sole enzyme responsible for PET degradation in the bacterium. The targeted gene disruption system developed in this study allows for the construction of Delta petase and Delta mhetase strains, further confirming the crucial roles of these enzymes in PET assimilation.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Chemo-Biological Upcycling of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) to Multifunctional Coating Materials

Hee Taek Kim et al.

Summary: This study developed a chemo-biological upcycling strategy for poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste, involving PET depolymerization, biotransformation of TPA into catechol, and application as a coating agent. The process demonstrated efficient conversion of PET waste into multifunctional coating materials without the need for extensive purification or evaporation.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protein engineering of stable IsPETase for PET plastic degradation by Premuse

Xiangxi Meng et al.

Summary: This study developed a mutation design tool, Premuse, to select two mutations (W159H and F229Y) with improved stability from 10 single point mutants, resulting in a double point mutant with enhanced enzymatic performance for degrading PET. The derived variant showed increased T-m and catalytic efficiency, and significantly improved degradation activity for amorphous PET.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Enhancing PET hydrolytic enzyme activity by fusion of the cellulose-binding domain of cellobiohydrolase I from Trichoderma reesei

Longhai Dai et al.

Summary: The fusion of a cellulose-binding domain CBM onto IsPETaseEHA was found to significantly enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of PET, particularly at higher temperatures. This strategy shows promise in stimulating the biodegradation of PET.

JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

QM/MM Study of the Enzymatic Biodegradation Mechanism of Polyethylene Terephthalate

Sergio Boneta et al.

Summary: This study investigated the enzymatic biodegradation of PET at an atomic level using molecular dynamics simulations. Two hydrolases, Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 and leaf-branch compost cutinase, showed degradation activity towards PET. The study revealed a characteristic four-step degradation pathway for both enzymes, with LCC-ICCG variant outperforming PETase possibly due to its ability to work at higher temperatures and its intrinsic relationship with the crystallinity grade of the polymer.

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

A marine bacterial community capable of degrading poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polyethylene

Rongrong Gao et al.

Summary: The study identified a marine bacterial community capable of efficiently degrading PET and PE, characterized and investigated using various techniques. Researchers successfully verified the effectiveness of using these bacterial communities for plastic degradation on PE films.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

A simple and novel method for the production of polyethylene terephthalate containing agar plates for the growth and detection of bacteria able to hydrolyze this plastic

Colin Charnock

Summary: Polyethylene terephthalate is commonly used in manufacturing various products, and there are known microbes capable of hydrolyzing this plastic, offering potential for effective waste management. Traditional screening methods involve cumbersome culture processes in the presence of film, while this article presents a rapid screening method based on agar plate culturing.

JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Tandem chemical deconstruction and biological upcycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) to β-ketoadipic acid by Pseudomonas putida KT2440

Allison Z. Werner et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the conversion of PET waste into beta-ketoadipic acid (beta KA) through a combination of catalytic deconstruction and biological conversion in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. The results showcase the potential of tandem catalytic approaches for upcycling waste PET into higher-value products.

METABOLIC ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Towards bio-upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate

Till Tiso et al.

Summary: With over 359 million tons of plastics produced worldwide in 2018, the challenge of managing plastic waste is evident. Recent discovery of enzymes that degrade supposedly non-biodegradable plastics has opened up opportunities for transforming the plastic recycling industry using biotechnology. This study presents a novel method for converting post-consumer PET into bioplastics, offering a solution that bypasses the expensive purification process for PET monomers and adds technological flexibility to the global issue of plastic waste management.

METABOLIC ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold

John Jumper et al.

Summary: Proteins are essential for life, and accurate prediction of their structures is a crucial research problem. Current experimental methods are time-consuming, highlighting the need for accurate computational approaches to address the gap in structural coverage. Despite recent progress, existing methods fall short of atomic accuracy in protein structure prediction.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Enzymatic depolymerization of highly crystalline polyethylene terephthalate enabled in moist-solid reaction mixtures

Sandra Kaabel et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Assessment of the PETase conformational changes induced by poly(ethylene terephthalate) binding

Clauber Henrique Souza da Costa et al.

Summary: A bacterium strain with the ability to degrade PET was identified, and its enzyme IsPETase catalyzes the hydrolysis of PET. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were used to analyze structural changes of IsPETase induced by PET binding, suggesting strategies for increasing the enzyme's thermal stability. This study provides insights into the molecular binding mechanism of PET into IsPETase structure and a computational strategy for mapping flexible regions of the enzyme.

PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS (2021)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Achieving a circular bioeconomy for plastics Designing plastics for assembly and disassembly is essential to closing the resource loop

Sarah Kakadellis et al.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

The global threat from plastic pollution

Matthew MacLeo et al.

Summary: Plastic pollution that accumulates and is poorly reversible in the environment can have significant negative impacts such as changes to ecosystems, biological effects, and societal impacts. Therefore, a global response is needed to rapidly reduce plastic emissions through reductions in consumption of virgin plastic materials and internationally coordinated waste management strategies.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Accurate prediction of protein structures and interactions using a three-track neural network

Minkyung Baek et al.

Summary: Through the three-track network, we achieved accuracies approaching those of DeepMind in CASP14, enabling rapid solution of challenging x-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy structure modeling problems, and providing insights into the functions of proteins with currently unknown structure.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

THE PLASTIC EATERS Bacterial enzymes can digest some plastic waste. Scientists want to harness them for recycling

Warren Cornwall

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics analyzed in real time by isothermal titration calorimetry

Kristina Vogel et al.

Summary: Plastics waste poses adverse effects on ecosystems and human health when not properly managed. Current research focuses on microbial or enzymatic degradation of microplastics, while using isothermal titration calorimetry in combination with thermokinetic models for in-depth analysis of degradation processes. The new method allows quantification of enzymatic and microbial adsorption to nanoparticles in simulated aquatic conditions.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Molecular Insights into the Enhanced Performance of EKylated PETase Toward PET Degradation

Kun Chen et al.

Summary: The fusion of a zwitterionic polypeptide to PETase has been shown to enhance catalytic performance and increase product release in the degradation of highly crystallized PET films. Structural analysis and molecular simulations reveal the enhanced stability and substrate binding properties of EKylation-modified PETases.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Reaction Mechanism of the PET Degrading Enzyme PETase Studied with DFT/MM Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Carola Jerves et al.

Summary: PETase enzyme can hydrolyze PET bonds and convert them into reusable monomers, the reaction mechanism involves two stages, acylation and deacylation, achieved through a series of steps. Research has identified mutations of certain amino acid residues that can increase enzyme catalytic efficiency.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Positive Charge Introduction on the Surface of Thermostabilized PET Hydrolase Facilitates PET Binding and Degradation

Akihiko Nakamura et al.

Summary: A thermostable enzyme PET2 was engineered for improved hydrolytic activity against polyethylene terephthalate (PET), with mutations in surface charge and formation of additional disulfide bond enhancing activity. The best mutant, PET2 7M, showed increased melting temperature and hydrolytic activity compared to wildtype PET2, with optimal temperature for hydrolysis being 8 degrees C higher and activity being 6.8 times higher at that temperature. These modifications led to enhanced binding rate and long-term thermal stability of PET2 7M at the optimal temperature.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Quantum Mechanical Investigation of the Oxidative Cleavage of the C-C Backbone Bonds in Polyethylene Model Molecules

Qixuan Jiang et al.

Summary: This study used quantum mechanical calculations to investigate the oxidative scission of the carbon-carbon backbone in PE, finding that the presence of carbocations affects the strength of the C-C bond, increases the total energy of the molecule, and makes the oxidation reaction more difficult.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

IsPETase- and IsMHETase-Catalyzed Cascade Degradation Mechanism toward Polyethylene Terephthalate

Shanshan Feng et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown that a two-enzyme system in Ideonella sakaiensis can effectively degrade and upcycle PET. Through systematic investigation, it was found that the degradation process involves four elementary steps, with some steps being critical for enzyme catalytic efficiency. The development of a new strategy has allowed scientists to identify key features that influence enzymatic catalysis.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Mle046 Is a Marine Mesophilic MHETase-Like Enzyme

Ingrid E. Meyer-Cifuentes et al.

Summary: The study identified Mle046, a homolog of the PET-degrading bacterium Ideonella sakaiensis MHETase, from a marine microbial consortium with high expression levels and activity when using PBAT for biodegradation. Mle046 is a mesophilic enzyme adapted to marine conditions, showing efficient degradation rates for MHET and the intermediate of PF degradation, Bte, at temperatures between 20 and 40 degrees C. Despite its mesophilic nature, Mle046 retains activity over a wide range of temperatures and pH values, making it a promising candidate for biotechnological applications in plastic recycling.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

MIXed plastics biodegradation and UPcycling using microbial communities: EU Horizon 2020 project MIX-UP started January 2020

Hendrik Ballerstedt et al.

Summary: The EU Horizon 2020 research project MIX-UP focuses on biodegrading and upcycling plastic mixtures using microbial communities, in order to shift towards a sustainable, circular plastic economy. The project aims to optimize plastic-degrading enzymes and develop tailored enzyme cocktails to enhance microbial conversion of plastic waste into value-added products.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EUROPE (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Engineering Microbes to Bio-Upcycle Polyethylene Terephthalate

Lakshika Dissanayake et al.

Summary: PET, the largest produced aromatic polyester worldwide, with less than 30% being recycled annually, causing severe plastic pollution. Utilizing microbes to degrade PET and convert it into high-value products is an effective circular economy approach.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Chemical and biological catalysis for plastics recycling and upcycling

Lucas D. Ellis et al.

Summary: Plastic pollution is causing an environmental crisis, driving the development of new recycling and upcycling methods. Both chemical and biological catalysis face challenges and opportunities, requiring innovative design to overcome limitations.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Techno-economic, life-cycle, and socioeconomic impact analysis of enzymatic recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Avantika Singh et al.

Summary: Esterases play a crucial role in enzymatic PET recycling, enabling efficient depolymerization to TPA and ethylene glycol, reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, and generating more socio-economic benefits.

JOULE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

General features to enhance enzymatic activity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) hydrolysis

Chun-Chi Chen et al.

Summary: The mutational strategy of replacing His/Phe residues with Ser/Ile has been found to enhance the PET-hydrolytic activity of enzymes, providing an important approach for improving the activity of potential PET-hydrolytic enzymes.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Process strategies to improve biocatalytic depolymerization of post-consumer PET packages in bioreactors, and investigation on consumables cost reduction

Adriano Carniel et al.

Summary: The study explores the enzymatic hydrolysis of post-consumed PET using Humicola insolens cutinase, focusing on pH control and enzyme feeding. Results show that unbuffered reactions with pH control by NaOH addition significantly improve monomer release, and reducing enzyme loading by half leads to cost reduction while maintaining high product concentration.

BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Agar plate-based screening methods for the identification of polyester hydrolysis by Pseudomonas species

Rebecka Molitor et al.

MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic pollution in water and sediment in a textile industrial area

Hua Deng et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Machine Learning in Enzyme Engineering

Stanislav Mazurenko et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Current State and Perspectives Related to the Polyethylene Terephthalate Hydrolases Available for Biorecycling

Fusako Kawai et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Article Microbiology

UV Pretreatment Impairs the Enzymatic Degradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate

Patricia Falkenstein et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Chemical recycling to monomer for an ideal, circular polymer economy

Geoffrey W. Coates et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An engineered PET depolymerase to break down and recycle plastic bottles

V. Tournier et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

EnzymeMiner: automated mining of soluble enzymes with diverse structures, catalytic properties and stabilities

Jiri Hon et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microfibers in oceanic surface waters: A global characterization

Giuseppe Suaria et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by Microbulbifer hydrolyticus IRE-31

Zhongyu Li et al.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Characterization and engineering of a two-enzyme system for plastics depolymerization

Brandon C. Knott et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds efforts to mitigate plastic pollution

Stephanie B. Borrelle et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

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Editorial Material Chemistry, Physical

Possibilities and limitations of biotechnological plastic degradation and recycling

Ren Wei et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2020)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Enzymatic Remediation of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)-Based Polymers for Effective Management of Plastic Wastes: An Overview

Ankita Maurya et al.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Gene amplification, laboratory evolution, and biosensor screening reveal MucK as a terephthalic acid transporter in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1

Isabel Pardo et al.

METABOLIC ENGINEERING (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Rational Protein Engineering of Thermo-Stable PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis for Highly Efficient PET Degradation

Hyeoncheol Francis Son et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Interaction of carbohydrate-binding modules with poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Joanna Weber et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Biodegradation of PET: Current Status and Application Aspects

Ikuo Taniguchi et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biocatalytic Degradation Efficiency of Postconsumer Polyethylene Terephthalate Packaging Determined by Their Polymer Microstructures

Ren Wei et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Geochemistry & Geophysics

Marine Microbial Assemblages on Microplastics: Diversity, Adaptation, and Role in Degradation

Sonja Oberbeckmann et al.

Annual Review of Marine Science (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structure of the plastic-degrading Ideonella sakaiensis MHETase bound to a substrate

Gottfried J. Palm et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Using a marine microalga as a chassis for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) degradation

Daniel Moog et al.

MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Efficient Degradation of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) with Thermobifida fusca Cutinase Exhibiting Improved Catalytic Activity Generated using Mutagenesis and Additive-based Approaches

Makoto Furukawa et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biological Valorization of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Monomers for Upcycling Waste PET

Hee Taek Kim et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2019)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Hydrophobins: multifunctional biosurfactants for interface engineering

Bryan W. Berger et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING (2019)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Conformational fitting of a flexible oligomeric substrate does not explain the enzymatic PET degradation

Ren Wei et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stabilizing Leaf and Branch Compost Cutinase (LCC) with Glycosylation: Mechanism and Effect on PET Hydrolysis

Abhijit N. Shirke et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2018)

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Article Biophysics

Active Site Flexibility as a Hallmark for Efficient PET Degradation by I-sakaiensis PETase

Tobias Fecker et al.

BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protein Crystallography and Site-Direct Mutagenesis Analysis of the Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Hydrolase PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis

Bing Liu et al.

CHEMBIOCHEM (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Characterization and engineering of a plastic-degrading aromatic polyesterase

Harry P. Austin et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structural insight into molecular mechanism of poly (ethylene terephthalate) degradation

Seongjoon Joo et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Exploration of Enzyme Diversity by Integrating Bioinformatics with Expression Analysis and Biochemical Characterization

Pavel Vanacek et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2018)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

New Insights into the Function and Global Distribution of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)-Degrading Bacteria and Enzymes in Marine and Terrestrial Metagenomes

Dominik Danso et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Enzymatic hydrolysis of PET: functional roles of three Ca2+ ions bound to a cutinase-like enzyme, Cut190*, and its engineering for improved activity

Masayuki Oda et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural Dynamics of the PET-Degrading Cutinase-like Enzyme from Saccharomonospora viridis AHK190 in Substrate-Bound States Elucidates the Ca2+-Driven Catalytic Cycle

Nobutaka Numoto et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2018)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural studies reveal the molecular mechanism of PETase

Chun-Chi Chen et al.

FEBS JOURNAL (2018)

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Article Polymer Science

Hydrolytic Degradation and Erosion of Polyester Biomaterials

Lindsay N. Woodard et al.

ACS MACRO LETTERS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Sabatier Principle for Interfacial (Heterogeneous) Enzyme Catalysis

Jeppe Kari et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Engineering highly functional thermostable proteins using ancestral sequence reconstruction

Yosephin Gumulya et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2018)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

High-Throughput Analysis of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Biodegradable Polyesters by Monitoring Cohydrolysis of a Polyester-Embedded Fluorogenic Probe

Michael Thomas Zumstein et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enzymatic surface hydrolysis of poly(ethylene furanoate) thin films of various crystallinities

S. Weinberger et al.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2017)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Screening of commercial enzymes for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) hydrolysis and synergy studies on different substrate sources

Aline Machado de Castro et al.

JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (2017)

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Article Polymer Science

Glass Transition Behavior in Thin Polymer Films Covered with a Surface Crystalline Layer

Biao Zuo et al.

MACROMOLECULES (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Enzymatic recovery of polyester building blocks from polymer blends

Caroline Gamerith et al.

PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY (2017)

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Review Engineering, Environmental

A review on automated sorting of source-separated municipal solid waste for recycling

Sathish Paulraj Gundupalli et al.

WASTE MANAGEMENT (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structural insight into catalytic mechanism of PET hydrolase

Xu Han et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

An Inverse Michaelis-Menten Approach for Interfacial Enzyme Kinetics

Jeppe Kari et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made

Roland Geyer et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2017)

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Editorial Material Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Biocatalysis as a green route for recycling the recalcitrant plastic polyethylene terephthalate

Ren Wei et al.

MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (2017)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Construction and Optimization of a Heterologous Pathway for Protocatechuate Catabolism in Escherichia coli Enables Bioconversion of Model Aromatic Compounds

Sonya M. Clarkson et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Polyester Thin Films: Real-Time Analysis of Film Mass Changes and Dissipation Dynamics

Michael Thomas Zumstein et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2016)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Engineered Bacterial Polyester Hydrolases Efficiently Degrade Polyethylene Terephthalate Due to Relieved Product Inhibition

Ren Wei et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING (2016)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

A dual enzyme system composed of a polyester hydrolase and a carboxylesterase enhances the biocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate films

Markus Barth et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2016)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Feeding on plastic

Uwe T. Bornscheuer

SCIENCE (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A bacterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Shosuke Yoshida et al.

SCIENCE (2016)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

A dual enzyme system composed of a polyester hydrolase and a carboxylesterase enhances the biocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate films

Markus Barth et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effect of Tris, MOPS, and phosphate buffers on the hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate films by polyester hydrolases

Juliane Schmidt et al.

FEBS OPEN BIO (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A disulfide bridge in the calcium binding site of a polyester hydrolase increases its thermal stability and activity against polyethylene terephthalate

Johannes Then et al.

FEBS OPEN BIO (2016)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Enhanced Cutinase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Polyethylene Terephthalate by Covalent Fusion to Hydrophobins

Doris Ribitsch et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2015)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Effect of hydrolysis products on the enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate nanoparticles by a polyester hydrolase from Thermobifida fusca

Markus Barth et al.

BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2015)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Ca2+ and Mg2+ binding site engineering increases the degradation of polyethylene terephthalate films by polyester hydrolases from Thermobifida fusca

Johannes Then et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2015)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Enzymatic hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate films in an ultrafiltration membrane reactor

Markus Barth et al.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Effects of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase Oxidation on Cellulose Structure and Binding of Oxidized Cellulose Oligomers to Cellulases

Josh V. Vermaas et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Optimization of a whole-cell biocatalyst by employing genetically encoded product sensors inside nanolitre reactors

Andreas Meyer et al.

NATURE CHEMISTRY (2015)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Ca2+ and Mg2+ binding site engineering increases the degradation of polyethylene terephthalate films by polyester hydrolases from Thermobifida fusca

Johannes Then et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2015)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Structural basis for the Ca2+-enhanced thermostability and activity of PET-degrading cutinase-like enzyme from Saccharomonospora viridis AHK190

Takuya Miyakawa et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2015)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Structural and functional studies on a thermostable polyethylene terephthalate degrading hydrolase from Thermobifida fusca

Christian Roth et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Conversion of post consumer polyethylene to the biodegradable polymer polyhydroxyalkanoate

Maciej W. Guzik et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Crystal Structure and Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability of Metagenome-Derived LC-Cutinase

Sintawee Sulaiman et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2014)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

Cellulase Inhibition by High Concentrations of Monosaccharides

Chia-wen C. Hsieh et al.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2014)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Turbidimetric analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate nanoparticles

Ren Wei et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS B-ENZYMATIC (2014)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Functional characterization and structural modeling of synthetic polyester-degrading hydrolases from Thermomonospora curvata

Ren Wei et al.

AMB EXPRESS (2014)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Two Novel Class II Hydrophobins from Trichoderma spp. Stimulate Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) when Expressed as Fusion Proteins

Liliana Espino-Rammer et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Fusion of Binding Domains to Thermobifida cellulosilytica Cutinase to Tune Sorption Characteristics and Enhancing PET Hydrolysis

Doris Ribitsch et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2013)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Cutinase: Characteristics, preparation, and application

Sheng Chen et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2013)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) revisited: reduced amount of water counterbalances the need for CBMs

Aniko Varnai et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Enhanced activity toward PET by site-directed mutagenesis of Thermobifida fusca cutinase-CBM fusion protein

Yao Zhang et al.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2013)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Rapid and simple colorimetric assay for detecting the enzymatic degradation of biodegradable plastic films

Yukiko Shinozaki et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Thermodynamically Consistent Force Fields for the Assembly of Inorganic, Organic, and Biological Nanostructures: The INTERFACE Force Field

Hendrik Heinz et al.

LANGMUIR (2013)

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Review Polymer Science

Plastic Degradation and Its Environmental Implications with Special Reference to Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Hayden K. Webb et al.

POLYMERS (2013)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Isolation of a Novel Cutinase Homolog with Polyethylene Terephthalate-Degrading Activity from Leaf-Branch Compost by Using a Metagenomic Approach

Sintawee Sulaiman et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Identification and comparison of cutinases for synthetic polyester degradation

Peter James Baker et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2012)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

A high-throughput assay for enzymatic polyester hydrolysis activity by fluorimetric detection

Ren Wei et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2012)

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Article Polymer Science

Near-surface crystallization of PET

Kei Shinotsuka et al.

POLYMER (2012)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Engineered Thermobifida fusca cutinase with increased activity on polyester substrates

Carla Silva et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2011)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Nonisothermal cold crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Renate M. R. Wellen et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2011)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Molecular-Level Origins of Biomass Recalcitrance: Decrystallization Free Energies for Four Common Cellulose Polymorphs

Gregg T. Beckham et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B (2011)

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Article Polymer Science

Enzymatic Surface Hydrolysis of PET: Effect of Structural Diversity on Kinetic Properties of Cutinases from Thermobifida

Enrique Herrero Acero et al.

MACROMOLECULES (2011)

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Review Engineering, Environmental

Twenty years of PET bottle to bottle recycling-An overview

Frank Welle

RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING (2011)

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Article Polymer Science

Cutinase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Asa M. Ronkvist et al.

MACROMOLECULES (2009)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

α/βHydrolase Fold: An Update

David L. Ollis et al.

PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS (2009)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Correlation between cellulose binding and activity of cellulose-binding domain mutants of Humicola grisea cellobiohydrolase 1

Shou Takashima et al.

FEBS LETTERS (2007)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Effects of chain length on the rates of C-C bond dissociation in linear alkanes and polyethylene

Vadim D. Knyazev

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A (2007)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Tailoring cutinase activity towards polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide 6,6 fibers

Rita Araujo et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY (2007)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biological degradation of synthetic polyesters - Enzymes as potential catalysts for polyester recycling

Rolf-Joachim Mueller

PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY (2006)

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Article Polymer Science

Enzymatic degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate):: Rapid hydrolyse using a hydrolase from T-fusca

RJ Müller et al.

MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS (2005)

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Article Materials Science, Textiles

An in depth study of crystallinity, crystallite size and orientation measurements of a selection of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers

I Karacan

FIBERS AND POLYMERS (2005)

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Article Polymer Science

Studies on the enzymatic hydrolysis of polyesters.: II.: Aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters

E Marten et al.

POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY (2005)

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Article Polymer Science

Glass transition and structural relaxation in semi-crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate):: a DSC study

NM Alves et al.

POLYMER (2002)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Evaluation of three methods for the measurement of crystallinity of PET resins, preforms, and bottles

Z Bashir et al.

POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE (2000)

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Mechanism-Based Design of Efficient PET Hydrolases

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