Comparative effectiveness and safety of homologous two-dose ChAdOx1 versus heterologous vaccination with ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

Merryn Voysey et al.

Summary: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine has been shown to have an acceptable safety profile and effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19, with higher efficacy observed in the group that received a low dose followed by a standard dose.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Tramadol vs Codeine Prescription Dispensation With Mortality and Other Adverse Clinical Outcomes

Junqing Xie et al.

Summary: In this study, new prescription dispensation of tramadol was significantly associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and fractures compared to codeine, with no significant differences in the risk of other adverse outcomes. The findings emphasize the importance of cautious interpretation due to potential residual confounding.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Correlates of protection against symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Shuo Feng et al.

Summary: Defined levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies elicited by the COVID-19 vaccine were identified as correlates of protection against symptomatic infection. Higher levels of immune markers were correlated with a reduced risk of symptomatic infection. The data can be used to extrapolate efficacy estimates to new populations.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a pooled analysis of four randomised trials

Merryn Voysey et al.

Summary: The AZD1222 vaccine has been approved for emergency use in the UK with an interval of 4-12 weeks between doses. Analysis shows that the vaccine is efficacious with two doses and provides immunoprotection after the first dose before the second dose is administered.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Impact and effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths following a nationwide vaccination campaign in Israel: an observational study using national surveillance data

Eric J. Haas et al.

Summary: This study assessed the real-world effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 in Israel, showing high efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalizations, severe disease, and death. As vaccine coverage increased, there were marked declines in SARS-CoV-2 outcomes, indicating that COVID-19 vaccination can help control the pandemic.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Real-world data shows increased reactogenicity in adults after heterologous compared to homologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination, March-June 2021, England

Annabel A. Powell et al.

Summary: Adults receiving heterologous COVID-19 immunisation with mRNA or adenoviral-vector vaccines had higher reactogenicity rates, especially among those aged over 50, women, and individuals with prior symptomatic/confirmed COVID-19. Those who received heterologous schedules after severe first-dose reactions may have lower reactogenicity after the second dose, depending on the specific combination of vaccines used.

EUROSURVEILLANCE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial

Xinxue Liu et al.

Summary: Heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine schedules could facilitate mass immunisation, with ChAd/BNT showing non-inferior immunogenicity compared to ChAd/ChAd, but BNT/ChAd did not demonstrate non-inferiority to BNT/BNT. The results support flexibility in using heterologous prime-boost vaccination with ChAd and BNT COVID-19 vaccines.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 booster in ChAdOx1-S-primed participants (CombiVacS): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial

Alberto M. Borobia et al.

Summary: To date, there are no immunological data on COVID-19 heterologous vaccination schedules in humans. This study evaluated the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of administering BNT162b2 as a second dose in individuals primed with ChAdOx1-S. The results showed that BNT162b2 induced a robust immune response in individuals prime vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S, with an acceptable and manageable reactogenicity profile.

LANCET (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness

Aziz Sheikh et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Heterologous vaccine regimens against COVID-19

Talita Duarte-Salles et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Heterologous prime-boost vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2

Matthias Tenbusch et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/mRNA vaccination

Tina Schmidt et al.

Summary: In healthy adults, vaccination with an mRNA vaccine as a booster, regardless of the initial vaccine, resulted in higher levels of spike-specific antibodies and T cells compared to booster vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19. Heterologous vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 followed by an mRNA vaccine induced strong immune responses with acceptable reactogenicity, showing similar or better effects than homologous mRNA vaccine regimens.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Associations of BNT162b2 vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospital admission and death with covid-19 in nursing homes and healthcare workers in Catalonia: prospective cohort study

Carmen Cabezas et al.

Summary: Vaccination showed a significant reduction of 80-91% in SARS-CoV-2 infection across all three cohorts, with greater reductions in hospital admissions and mortality among nursing home residents.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Characterising the background incidence rates of adverse events of special interest for covid-19 vaccines in eight countries: multinational network cohort study

Xintong Li et al.

Summary: This study highlights significant variations in the background incidence rates of 15 prespecified adverse events associated with covid-19 vaccines across different databases. Certain adverse events increase with age, while others are more prevalent in younger individuals. Meta-analytic estimates of adverse event rates have been classified by age and sex.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous prime-boost immunisation with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2: a prospective cohort study

David Hillus et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccinations, with results showing that heterologous immunization has good immunogenicity and tolerability.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Use of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine After Reports of Myocarditis Among Vaccine Recipients: Update from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, June 2021

Julia W. Gargano et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Effectiveness of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA prime-boost vaccination against symptomatic Covid-19 infection in Sweden: A nationwide cohort study

Peter Nordstrom et al.

Summary: The study suggests that heterologous prime-boost vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA vaccines is an effective alternative to increase population immunity against Covid-19, with higher effectiveness compared to homologous vaccination. These findings could have significant implications for vaccination strategies and logistics in the battle against the Covid-19 pandemic.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Immunological surrogate endpoints of COVID-2019 vaccines: the evidence we have versus the evidence we need

Pengfei Jin et al.

Summary: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, over 200 vaccine candidates are being developed at an unprecedented speed globally. Phase 3 efficacy trials are underway to determine COVID-19 correlates of protection, essential for vaccine approval and pandemic control.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services