期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 14, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v14030526
关键词
serology; SARS-CoV-2; virus neutralization test; ELISA; dynamics; vaccination; reinfection
类别
资金
- Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic MH-CZ DRO [00179906]
- Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic Long-Term Organizational Development Plan (DZRO)
This study analyzed antibody responses in outpatient and inpatient cohorts of COVID-19 patients in the Czech Republic and assessed the potential of antibodies as a diagnostic tool. The results showed that antibody positivity levels gradually increased from 2 weeks after infection and remained highly positive over a 12-month period. IgG levels correlated significantly with virus neutralization titers.
Background: The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is almost exclusively performed by PCR or antigen detection. The detection of specific antibodies has not yet been considered in official diagnostic guidelines as major laboratory evidence for a case definition. The aim the present study is to analyze antibody responses in outpatient and inpatient cohorts of COVID-19 patients in the Czech Republic over a 12-month period, and assess the potential of antibodies as a diagnostic tool. Methods: A total of 644 patients was enrolled in the prospective study. IgA, IgM and IgG antibody levels, as well as virus neutralization titers, were analyzed over a 12-month period. Results: Our study showed low antibody positivity levels at the admission. However, at 2 weeks after infection, 98.75% and 95.00% of hospitalized patients were IgA and IgG positive, respectively. Even in the outpatient cohort characterized by milder disease courses, the IgG antibody response was still sustained at 9 and 12 months. The data show a high correlation between the IgG levels and virus neutralization titers (VNTs). Samples from later time-points showed positive antibody responses after vaccination in both cohorts characterized by high IgG levels and VNT over 1:640. The samples from unvaccinated persons indicated a relatively high level of reinfection at 6.87%. Conclusions: Our results show that the detection of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 shows an increasing sensitivity from week 2 after infection and remains highly positive over the 12-month period. The levels of IgG antibodies correlate significantly with the VNTs. This suggests that the serological data may be a valuable tool in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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