Ciliogenesis membrane dynamics and organization

Ciliogenesis is a complex multistep process used to describe assembly of cilia and flagella. These organelles play essential roles in motility and signaling on the surface of cells. Cilia are built at the distal ends of centrioles through the formation of an axoneme that is surrounded by the ciliary membrane. As is the case in the biogenesis of other cellular organelles, regulators of membrane trafficking play essential roles in ciliogenesis, albeit with a unique feature that membranes are organized around microtubule-based structures. Membrane association with the distal end of the centriole is a critical initiating step for ciliogenesis. Studies of this process in different cell types suggests that a singular mechanism may not be utilized to initiate cilium assembly. In this review, we focus on recent insights into cilium biogenesis and the roles membrane trafficking regulators play in described ciliogenesis mechanisms with relevance to human disease.

Automated summary

Ciliogenesis is a complex process involved in the assembly of cilia and flagella, which are essential for cell motility and signaling. Membrane trafficking regulators play a crucial role in ciliogenesis by organizing membranes around microtubule-based structures. The association of membranes with the distal end of the centriole is a critical step in initiating ciliogenesis. This review focuses on recent insights into cilia biogenesis and the roles of membrane trafficking regulators in ciliogenesis mechanisms relevant to human disease.