期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 814, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152676
关键词
Paraben exposure; Asthma; Murine model; LINA cohort; Single and mixture effect; BKMR
资金
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ
- German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU)
This article explores the importance of parents, especially in the development of a baby. Mothers play a crucial role in meeting the baby's basic needs, such as feeding and diaper changing. Fathers, on the other hand, serve as playmates and educators, engaging with the baby and teaching them new things. The support system provided by both parents is vital to the baby's development.
Parabens are widely used preservatives present in consumer products like cosmetics and food. Although several epidemiological studies suggest that early-life exposure to parabens might alter the immune response and allergy risk in childhood, the evidence with respect to asthma is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of paraben exposure on asthma development in mice and humans. Using a murine asthma model the experimental data show both, an asthma-reducing effect after direct exposure of adult mice to n-butyl paraben (nBuP) as well as an asthma-promoting effect after maternal exposure to ethyl paraben (EtP) in the female offspring. Interestingly, exposure of mice to a mixture of EtP and nBuP starting prenatally until the end of asthma induction in the adult offspring was without effect on allergic airway inflammation. In addition, parabens were determined within the German prospective mother-child cohort LINA and their single and mixture effect on asthma development in children within the first 10 years of life was estimated by logistic and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Both approaches revealed no adverse effects of parabens on children's asthma development, neitherwhen stratified for being at risk due to a positive family history of atopy nor when analysed separately for sex specificity. Therefore, we conclude that although single parabens might differentially impact asthma development, an adverse effect could not be seen in a multiple paraben exposure setting. Consequently, not only the time point of exposure but also multiple exposure scenarios to parabens should be considered in the evaluation of individuals' specific disease risk.
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