Incidence of depression and antidepressant prescription in patients with COPD: A large UK population-based cohort study

Background: Depression is frequently reported in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). However, there is little information available on the incidence of depression following a COPD diagnosis. Objective: To determine the incidence of a new diagnosis of depression or antidepressant prescription in people with and without a COPD diagnosis. Methods: A matched cohort study was conducted using The Health Improvement Network database. Patients with confirmed COPD diagnosis were matched to up to four subjects without a COPD diagnosis by age, sex and GP practice. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the incidence rates of depression and antidepressant prescription. Results: 44,362 patients with COPD and 124,140 subjects without COPD were included. The incidence rate of depression per 1000 person-years following COPD diagnosis was greater (11.4; 95% CI: 10.9-11.8) compared to subjects without COPD (5.7; 95% CI: 5.5-5.8) (p < 0.001). Patients with COPD were 42% more likely to have an incident depression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.32-1.53; p < 0.001), and 40% more likely to be prescribed an antidepressant (aHR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.35-1.45; p < 0.001). The incidence to either depression or antidepressant prescription was also greater for patients with COPD (aHR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.36-1.46; p < 0.001). Patients with COPD and worse breathlessness had a higher risk of incident depression compared to patients with less breathlessness. Conclusion: Healthcare providers managing patients with COPD should be alert to the existence of depression and aware of its symptoms and consequences.

Automated summary

Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have a higher incidence of depression and are more likely to be prescribed antidepressants. Patients with worsening breathlessness have a higher risk of developing depression.