Fibrous nanosilica spheres KCC-1@NH2 as highly effective and easily retrievable catalyst for the synthesis of chromenes

A three-component reaction of naphthalene-1,5-diol, malononitrile and aromatic aldehydes has been achieved in the presence of fibrous nanosilica spheres KCC-1@NH2 as highly effective heterogeneous catalysts to produce of chromenes. In this study, simple and effective methods were used for the preparation of nanosilica spheres KCC-1@NH2 as basic catalysts. A fibrous surface morphology, high surface area, high mechanical stability, the easy separation of the nanocatalyst and the recyclability, nontoxicity, versatility, combined with low reaction times and excellent yields, make the present protocol very useful for the synthesis of the chromenes. The catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, XRD, EDX, FE-SEM, TEM, BET and TGA. Also, the synthesized products were confirmed by H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, FT-IR. [GRAPHICS] .

Automated summary

In this study, a three-component reaction was achieved using fibrous nanosilica spheres as catalysts to synthesize chromenes. The catalyst showed high surface area, stability, recyclability, and low toxicity, making it useful for the synthesis of chromenes. Characterization techniques including FT-IR, XRD, EDX, FE-SEM, TEM, BET, and TGA were used. The synthesized products were confirmed by H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, and FT-IR.