期刊
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
卷 270, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112755
关键词
Methane; TROPOMI; VIIRS; Oil; gas
资金
- Robertson Foundation
- TROPOMI national program from the NSO
- GALES project by the Dutch Technology Foundation STW part of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [15597]
- Ministry of Economic Affairs
- SURF Cooperative
This study quantifies and characterizes methane emissions from a natural gas well blowout in Louisiana, USA using satellite observations. The results show that the venting phase contributes the majority of the total emissions, while the flaring phase plays a smaller role. The findings demonstrate the potential of satellite data for assessing greenhouse gas emissions from large point sources.
We quantify and characterize methane emissions from a natural gas well blowout in Louisiana, USA in 2019 using TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) methane observations and VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) gas flare detections. We use TROPOMI data in a Bayesian inversion to optimize daily methane emissions while VIIRS-based radiant heat data are used to estimate the amount of gas flared. This hybrid approach allows for the characterization of methane emissions during both the flaring and venting phases of the blowout, where more than half of the blowout duration was associated with flaring. We estimate overall emissions of this 38-day event at 49 (21-63) Gg, which is lower than reported by the gas company but exceeds all known US point sources emitting at the time in terms of emission rate. We estimate that over 80% of total emissions come from the venting phase, leaving the flaring phase responsible for only a small fraction of total emissions. We show that routine satellite operations from global-scale observing instruments such as TROPOMI and VIIRS when combined can provide a detailed assessment of quantitative greenhouse gas emissions from large point sources including stochastic events and thus these data could be used for regulatory enforcement.
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