New class of solutions in the non-minimal O(3)-sigma model

For the study of topological vortices with non-minimal coupling, we built a kind of non-canonical O(3)-sigma model, with a Maxwell term modified by a dielectric function. Through the BPS formalism an investigation is made on possible configurations of vortices in topological sectors of the sigma model and the real scalar field. For a particular ansatz, the solutions of the topological sector of the real scalar field are described by the known kink solutions. On the other hand, when studying the vortices in nonminimal sector of the pure O(3)-sigma model, it is detected the emergence of solutions that generate solitary waves similar to structures derived from a KdV-like theory. We observed that in the study of mixed models, namely, the topological sector of the O(3)-sigma model coupled to the topological sector of the real scalar field, the vortex solutions assume a profile of a step function. Then, when kinks of the topological sector of the scalar field are interacting with the field of the sigma model, it makes the field solutions of the O(3)-sigma model become extremely localized, making the vortice structures nonphysical. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.

Automated summary

This study investigates the possibility of topological vortices with non-minimal coupling by constructing a non-canonical O(3)-sigma model. The research reveals the existence of known kink solutions in the topological sector of the real scalar field, as well as the emergence of solitary wave structures similar to those derived from a KdV-like theory in the nonminimal sector of the pure O(3)-sigma model. Additionally, the vortex solutions in the mixed model exhibit a step function profile, and the interaction with the scalar field leads to nonphysical vortice structures in the field solutions of the O(3)-sigma model.