Parton distributions of light quarks and antiquarks in the proton

An algebraic Ansatz for the proton's Poincare-covariant wave function, which includes both scalar and pseudovector diquark correlations, is used to calculate proton valence, sea, and glue distribution functions (DFs). Regarding contemporary data, a material pseudovector diquark component in the proton is necessary for an explanation of the neutron-proton structure function ratio; and a modest Pauli blocking effect in the gluon splitting function is sufficient to explain the proton's light-quark antimatter asymmetry. In comparison with pion DFs, the light-front momentum fractions carried by all identifiable parton classes are the same; on the other hand, the higher moments are different. Understanding these features may provide insights that explain distinctions between Nambu-Goldstone bosons and seemingly less complex hadrons. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.

Automated summary

This article uses an algebraic Ansatz to calculate the proton's wave function and distribution functions, and compares it with the pion. The findings suggest some factors that may explain the differences in proton properties.