Chemical phenotype as important and dynamic niche dimension of plants

Niche theory considering the traits of species and individuals provides a powerful tool to integrate ecology and evolution of species. In plant ecology, morphological and physiological traits are commonly considered as niche dimensions, whereas phytochemical traits are mostly neglected in this context despite their pivotal functions in plant responses to their environment and in mediating interactions. The diversity of plant phytochemicals can thus mediate three key processes: niche choice, conformance and construction. Here, we integrate frameworks from niche theory with chemical ecology and argue that plants use their individual-specific diversity in phytochemicals (chemodiversity) for different niche realization processes. Our concept has important implications for ecosystem processes and stability and increases the predictive ability of chemical ecology.

Automated summary

Niche theory considering species and individual traits provides a powerful tool to integrate ecology and evolution. In plant ecology, phytochemical traits have been neglected despite their pivotal functions in plant responses to the environment and in mediating interactions. We propose that plants utilize their individual-specific diversity in phytochemicals for different niche realization processes, which has important implications for ecosystem processes and stability, and enhances the predictive ability of chemical ecology.