期刊
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
卷 181, 期 -, 页码 9-16出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.04.005
关键词
Sleep; Learning & memory; Oscillation; Interregional circuits; Memory replay; Synaptic plasticity; In vivo imaging; Closed-loop optogenetic manipulation
资金
- JSPS/MEXT KAKENHI [JP21H00305, JP 21K15204]
- JST [JPMJFR204F]
- AMED [JP21wm0525009]
- HFSP Long-Term Fellowship [LT000009/2017]
- Japan-US Brain Research Cooperation Program grant
- Naito Foun-dation
- Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Kao Foundation for Arts and Sciences
- Brain Science Foundation
- Tamura Science and Technology Foundation
- Japan Science Society (the Sasakawa Sci-entific Research Grant)
- Narishige Neuroscience Research Founda-tion
This article describes the recent advances in optical imaging and manipulation approaches for studying brain dynamics during sleep. These techniques help reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of the brain during sleep and their functional roles in awake state cognition, including learning and memory.
During sleep, the brain undergoes transitions of activity states and reorganization of neural circuits. Recent in vivo optical imaging and manipulation techniques are revealing spatiotemporal and multiscale brain dynamics during sleep and their functional roles in awake state cognition, including learning and memory. First, along with electrophysiological recordings, Ca2+ imaging is becoming the gold standard for tracking the activity of large neural ensembles to analyze memory replay during the sleep/wake cycle in freely moving and head-fixed animals. Comparable to the speed of electrophysiological recordings, voltage indicators can monitor neural activity at millisecond resolution. While one-photon systems have advantages in temporal resolution, two-photon lasers can image microstructures such as dendritic spines and axonal terminals in vivo. Also, optogenetic manipulation is used to perform loss- or gain-of-function experiments with temporal precision, cell-type, and pathway specificity without the artifacts observed with electrophysiological stimulation. In particular, closed-loop optogenetic manipulation is well suited to reveal the functional roles of neural activity and synaptic plasticity in each sleep/ wake state. Here, I describe the recent advances in optical imaging and manipulation approaches for sleepingbrain dynamics in memory processing.
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